German inflation reaches fantasy levels, at 242 million marks to the dollar

Germany's communists organise uprisings in Saxony, Thuringia and Hamburg

Adolf Hitler, launching a putsch in a Munich beer cellar, announces the birth of a new national government

Adolf Hitler's beer-cellar putsch ends in ignominious failure, as he turns and flees under fire

Hermann Goering is wounded in the aftermath of the Munich beer hall putsch, but unlike Hitler manages to escape

Rainer Maria Rilke publishes his Duino Elegies and his Sonnets to Orpheus

Adolf Hitler dictates Mein Kampf to Rudolf Hess in their shared prison cell after the failed Munich putsch

Rudolf Hess suggests to Hitler the policy of Lebensraum or 'living space' for the German people

Paul Hindemith sets Rainer Maria Rilke's song-cycle Das Marienleben

The League of Nations grants Belgium a mandate to administer the former Germany colony of Ruanda-Urundi

German author Thomas Mann publishes his novel The Magic Mountain

German scientist Felix Wankel builds a model of a rotary engine, thirty years before the first prototype is manufactured

A new German currency, the Reichsmark, is launched with the value of a trillion old marks

The first volume of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf is published

23-year-old German physicist Werner Heisenberg publishes his ground-breaking theory of quantum mechanics

Field marshal Paul von Hindenburg is elected president of the Weimar Republic in Germany

The German navy adapts a civilian encryption machine, Enigma, for military purposes

Treaties signed at Locarno, in Switzerland, aim to stabilize and guarantee Germany's borders with France and Belgium

Alban Berg's opera Wozzeck has its premiere in Berlin

The Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend) is established by the Nazi party for teenage boys

Germany joins the League of Nations, with a permanent seat on the council

Rudolf von Laban publishes a new system of dance notation, which becomes known in English as Labanotation

Mies van der Rohe designs a monument in Berlin for the Spartacus leaders Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg

Walter Gropius designs buildings in Dessau as a new home for the Bauhaus

Ernst Krenek's jazz opera Jonny Strikes Up has its premiere in Leipzig