A right-wing military putsch seizes power for a few days in Berlin

The German Workers' Party, with Adolf Hitler as one of its leading members, changes its name to the Nazi party

Ten years of violent revolution in Mexico are brought to and end in a successful coup by Alvaro Obregón

An army officer, Reza Khan, becomes war minister after seizing control of Tehran with his Cossack brigade

Mahatma Gandhi is arrested by the British in India as an agitator and is sentenced to six years in prison

Mussolini gives orders for armed squads to congregate around Rome, in preparation for a march to seize power in the capital

Germany's communists organise uprisings in Saxony, Thuringia and Hamburg

Adolf Hitler, launching a putsch in a Munich beer cellar, announces the birth of a new national government

Adolf Hitler's beer-cellar putsch ends in ignominious failure, as he turns and flees under fire

Hermann Goering is wounded in the aftermath of the Munich beer hall putsch, but unlike Hitler manages to escape

Adolf Hitler dictates Mein Kampf to Rudolf Hess in their shared prison cell after the failed Munich putsch

Reza Khan, by now prime minister of Iran, mounts a second coup to depose the last Qajar shah and begin his own Pahlavi dynasty

Mies van der Rohe designs a monument in Berlin for the Spartacus leaders Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg

Communists seize power in Jiangxi province and establish the first soviet republic in China

Right-wing Chinese army officer Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) launches an anti-Communist coup in the Canton region

Irish Free State president Kevin O'Higgins is murdered by members of the IRA on his way to mass

Mahatma Gandhi leads a 240-mile march from Ahmedabad to the sea to defy the British salt tax, thus launching a campaign of civil disobedience

A military coup removes Hipolito Irigoyen from the presidency in Argentina

Pay cuts cause British sailors in the Atlantic fleet to mutiny at Invergordon, in Scotland's Cromarty Firth

Oswald Mosley holds his first rally in Trafalgar Square, at the head of his British Union of Fascists

Anastasio Somoza, commander of the National Guard, organizes a coup in Nicaragua

The Austrian chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss is assassinated by Nazis in a coup that fails

In response to the gang violence of Oswald Mosley's black-shirted thugs, a Public Order Act in the UK bans political uniforms

A rebellion by Spanish troops in Morocco is soon led by Francisco Franco and sparks the Spanish Civil War

Francisco Franco is elected head of state of the insurgent Nationalist Spain, at this time controlling only a fraction of the country