Events relating to arabia
Semitic tribes move up from the Arabian peninsula, through Sinai into Palestine and Syria
Mecca becomes the holy city of Islam and soon all Arabia accepts the new religion
Within two years of the death of Muhammad, the Arabs surge north into the Syrian desert
Coffee, derived from wild plants in Ethiopia, is cultivated in Arabia
From Bosnia to Egypt and Arabia, the Ottoman Turks now rule the largest Muslim empire since the early caliphate - and will frequently use the title of caliph to assert their authority within Sunni Islam
The Byerley Turk, Darley Arabian and Godolphin Arabian, ancestors of all thoroughbred racehorses, are imported into England
Muhammad ibn Saud begins the expansion of power that will lead eventually to the establishment of Saudi Arabia

Scottish painter David Roberts completes publication of his 6-volume The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt & Nubia
Explorer and orientalist Richard Burton begins publication of his multi-volume translation from the Arabic of The Arabian Nights
After gaining control of most of the Arabian peninsula, Ibn Saud gives his kingdom a new name, Saudi Arabia
The first shipload of oil is exported from Saudi Arabia to the USA after the discovery of commercially viable resources in Dhahran
Ibn Saud and his US partners set up ARAMCO, the Arabia-American Oil Company
David Lean directs Peter O'Toole in the title role of the film Lawrence of Arabia
Expelled from his own country, Saudi Arabia, Osama bin Laden moves to Sudan where he continues to develop al-Qaeda
Ben Ali, in control of Tunisia for 23 years, resigns and flees to Saudi Arabia after four weeks of mounting tension and violence in the streets
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates agree to send troops and police to strengthen government forces in Bahrain
Saudi Arabia starts deporting thousands of Ethiopian migrant workers, eventually about 150,000, causing great public anger and a major refugee problem
The Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is murdered inside the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey, triggering a diplomatic crisis for Saudi Arabia