istoryworld
Events relating to turkey
Neolithic communities in eastern Anatolia make implements of hammered copper - the first tentative step out of the Stone Age
Catal Huyuk, in Anatolia, is the most extensive surviving example of a neolithic town
The neolithic town of Catal Huyuk has rectangular rooms with windows, a design with lasting appeal
Pottery fragments of this date survive in the neolithic site of Catal Huyuk
Fragments of cloth, woven in Catal Huyuk, survive because they are carbonized in a fire
The Hittites build an empire based on their stronghold at Hattusa (now Bogazkale) in Anatolia
The Hittites, in Anatolia, are the first people to work iron - introducing what is later called the Iron Age
Not for the first time, the city of Troy is destroyed - on this occasion probably by Mycenaean Greeks
Palaces in Mycenae are destroyed, probably by the so-called Sea Peoples from the west and south coasts of Turkey
Ionia emerges as a political entity, forming a league of twelve Greek cities in Asia Minor
Byzantium (the future Constantinople) is founded as a colony of Megara, a Greek city-state
The earliest known coins are minted in Ephesus, bean-shaped and struck on one side with a distinguishing mark
The Babylonians defeat an Egyptian army at Carchemish, but do not press on into Egypt
Anaximander, a pupil of Thales, develops bold theories about the formation of the earth and the beginning of life
Croesus builds a spectacular temple at Ephesus in honour of Artemis, or Diana
Sardis, the capital city of the Lydian ruler Croesus, is taken by the Persians
Cyrus annexes the Greek territory of Ionia as part of his empire, giving Persia a presence on the Aegean
The Greek cities of Ionia rebel against Persian rule, with the partial support of Athens
After six years the Persians recover control of Ionia, but Athens is now identified as a target for invasion
Darius sends a fleet across the Aegean, carrying a large army of infantry and cavalry for an attack on Athens
The Persian fleet moves south towards Athens, but then heads home across the Aegean without attempting an assault on the city
Xerxes I, renewing the campaign of his father Darius against the Greeks, leads a large army round the Aegean and through Thrace
In the last joint campaign by Sparta and Athens the strategically important city of Byzantium is liberated from Persian rule
The Delian League is formed for mutual defence, but also to liberate the Greek cities of Ionia from Persian rule
The Athenian general Cimon wins a spectacular victory over the Persians at the mouth of the Eurymedon River, in southwest Turkey
