istoryworld
Events relating to north africa
Napoleon abandons his army in Egypt and returns hastily to Paris at a time of great political opportunity
The USS Philadelphia is captured, with its 300 crew, in the first Barbary War between the US and north African pirate states
All but one of 300 Mameluke guests are assassinated during an entertainment by Muhammad Ali in Cairo
Egyptian hieroglyphs are deciphered by French Egyptologist Jean François Champollion, using the Rosetta stone
The Turkish governor of Algiers, flicking at the French consul with his fly whisk, finds that he has provoked a French blockade and eventually invasion
A French army invades Algeria, beginning the process which brings the region within the French empire
French painter Eugène Delacroix begins a five-month visit to north Africa, with profound effects on his future art
English artist Edward Lear begins a series of travels, sketching around the Mediterranean and in the Middle East
Abd-el-Kader proclaims a holy war against the French in Algeria and begins a military campaign that will last for eight years
Muhammad Ali, officially viceroy for the Turkish sultan, establishes his own ruling dynasty on the throne of Egypt
Ferdinand de Lesseps is granted the concession to construct a canal from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea
Britain, France and Italy take joint control of the finances of a bankrupt Tunisia
Thousands of distinguished guests assemble at Port Said for the opening of the Suez Canal
The Afghan philosopher Jamal al-Din, moving to Cairo, urges drastic and violent measures against western influence
Giuseppe Verdi's opera Aida, is commissioned for the Cairo opera house, part of the process of Egypt becoming westernized
France invades Tunisia from Algeria, and in the Treaty of Bardo forces the bey of Tunis to accept the status of a French protectorate
Anti-western riots in Alexandria result in many deaths and provoke a British invasion
Spain begins to colonize the Western Sahara, subsequently known as the Spanish Sahara
Constantine Cavafy begins a 30-year career as a civil servant in Alexandria's Irrigation Service
The first Aswan dam, at this time the world's largest, is completed on the Nile
Kaiser Wilhelm II visits Tangier in support of Moroccan independence, causing a diplomatic crisis with the colonial powers France and Britain
An international conference at Algeciras effectively gives France informal control of Morocco
Italy finds a reason to invade Libya, a province of the Turkish empire.
Germany causes international alarm by sending a warship to Agadir, a port in French-controlled Morocco
Turkey, beset by troubles elsewhere, cedes to Italy her north African province of Libya
