istoryworld
Events relating to russia
In the Treaty of Hamina (or Fredrikshamn), Sweden cedes Finland to Russia as an autonomous grand duchy
Napoleon launches an attack on his ally, the Russian tsar Alexander I, with an army of more than 600,000 men
The French author Stendhal serves in the French army during the invasion of Russia
The Russian army under Marshal Kutuzov confronts the advancing French at Borodino, and though defeated makes a successful withdrawal
After victory at Borodino, Napoleon enters Moscow to find the city abandoned and burning
Napoleon begins the retreat from Moscow, in arctic conditions and harried by guerrilla attacks
Napoleon arrives back in Paris ahead of the remains of his army, after losing half a million men in the Russian campaign
The king of Prussia, Frederick William III, changes sides and declares war on France
In a treaty with Russia and Prussia at Reichenbach, Austria agrees to declare war on France
The Russian emperor and the Prussian king take a salute in the Champs Elysées after the allies capture Paris
The English and Prussian generals Wellington and Blücher defeat Napoleon in a closely fought battle at Waterloo
The rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe
Poland becomes a kingdom of very limited independence, since the Russian tsar Alexander I is to be its king
The king of Prussia, Frederick William III, makes a bid for German leadership by turning his extensive lands into a custom-free zone (Zollverein)
Russian poet Alexander Pushkin publishes his first long poem, Ruslan and Ludmilla
A December uprising in St Petersburg ends when troops fire on the crowd, but the 'Decembrists' become revolutionary martyrs
Britain, France and Russia, supporting Greek independence, defeat the Turkish and Egyptian fleets at Navarino
Russian poet Alexander Pushkin publishes a grand historical drama, Boris Godunov
Alexander Pushkin publishes a novel in verse, Eugene Onegin
Alexander Pushkin publishes his best-known short story, The Queen of Spades
The Inspector General, a farce by Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol satirising Russian offialdom, has tsar Nicholas I in the audience for the premiere
Alexander Pushkin dies from a stomach wound received in a duel with his brother-in-law, Georges d'Anthès
The publication of the first part of the satirical novel Dead Souls, by Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, proves a sensation in Russia
The Russian tsar, Nicholas I, calls Turkey 'the sick man of Europe'
The Prussian army is the first to adopt a breech-loading rifle, the 'needle-gun' developed by gunsmith Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse
