istoryworld
Events relating to europe
The French win a convincing victory at Castillon, recovering the last stronghold (except Calais) held by the English in France
Charles VII's full recovery of Aquitaine and Normandy effectively brings to an end the Hundred Years' War
An engagement at St Albans is the first battle in the 30-year struggle between the white and red roses of York and Lancaster
The Turks, besieging Belgrade, are dispersed by a peasant army inspired by the preaching of a Franciscan friar, St John of Capistrano
A copy of Europe's first book printed from movable type, the Gutenberg Bible, is completed in Mainz
A Portuguese navigator discovers some of the Cape Verde islands, tropical and at that time uninhabited
Matthias Corvinus begins a long reign which brings Moravia, Silesia and much of Austria within the Hungarian kingdom
Oil paints, long familiar in the Netherlands, begin to be adopted in Italy in place of tempera
The Turks complete the occupation of Greece, which remains within the Ottoman empire until the nineteenth century
On the death of his father, James II, James III becomes king of Scotland
Andrea Mantegna combines an interest in classical detail and recently discovered perspective
Francois Villon, recently released from prison, writes his Ballad of the Ladies of Times Past
The first success in the Wars of the Roses goes to the white rose, with the Yorkist prince crowned as Edward IV
Mehmed II, conqueror of Constantinople, begins to build Topkapi Sarayi as his palace
In keeping with his personal interest in Plato, Cosimo de' Medici founds a Platonic Academy in Florence
Portuguese settlers arrive to found Cidade Velha, on the Cape Verde island of Santiago
The assembly brought together in Bruges in 1463 is later seen as the first full gathering of the Netherlands States-General
After his death in 1464, Cosimo de' Medici acquires the posthumous title pater patriae – father of the fatherland
Mehmed II and the Ottoman Turks conquer Bosnia, where a large number of noble families convert to Islam
The Sicilian artist Antonello da Messina adopts the Flemish technique of painting in oils
In the treaty of Torun the Teutonic knights finally cede Prussia to Poland
The Portuguese settlers on the Cape Verde islands are granted a monopoly on the new slave trade
Skanderbeg dies and Albania becomes fully absorbed into the Ottoman empire
Jerome van Aken works almost exclusively in his native s' Hertogenbosch, from which he derives the name Hieronymus Bosch
Thomas Malory, in gaol somewhere in England, compiles Morte d'Arthur – an English account of the French tales of King Arthur
