istoryworld
Events relating to north africa
Ramses II creates a spectacular temple in his own honour at Abu Simbel
Mysterious raiders from the sea cause chaos throughout the eastern Mediterranean, from Greece to Palestine and Egypt
Libyans in the Egyptian army take control of the nation and rule as pharaohs
The traditional date of the founding of Carthage (supposedly by the mythical queen Dido, but in practice by Phoenicians)
The earliest surviving sundial is in use in Egypt
The king of Cush, or Nubia, conquers down the Nile to the sea, establishing the Cushite dynasty
Egyptian scribes develop an abbreviated version of hieroglyphs for everyday use, in the script known as demotic ('for the people')
The Egyptian city of Memphis falls to an Assyrian army, soon to be followed by Thebes
The Babylonians defeat an Egyptian army at Carchemish, but do not press on into Egypt
Isis, who is able to restore her husband Osiris after he has been chopped into pieces, becomes one of the most popular deities in Egypt
Larache is founded as a Carthaginian colony on the Atlantic coast of Africa
The Persians defeat an Egyptian army at Pelusium and then capture Memphis
The Persian emperor Darius I constructs a canal linking the Nile to the Red Sea
Forces of the Delian League assist the Egyptians in a successful revolt against their Persian rulers
The Greeks suffer a major reverse when their fleet is trapped on the Nile and destroyed by the Persians
The Greek historian Herodotus visits Egypt and provides, among many other details, an account of the process of mummification
A Carthaginian army lands near Marsala to begin the long involvement of Carthage in Sicily
While in Egypt, Alexander founds Alexandria – the best known of the many towns he establishes to spread Greek culture
The spread of Greek rule by Alexander introduces the Hellenistic age, which will last for three centuries
In the carve up of Alexander the Great's empire, Ptolemy wins Egypt and founds the Ptolemaic dynasty – with himself as the pharaoh Ptolemy I
Alexander's corpse, hijacked by Ptolemy, becomes a sacred relic in Alexandria
Ptolemy begins to transform Alexandria into a centre of Greek culture, founding his famous 'museum' and library
Euclid, teaching at the museum in Alexandria, writes what becomes Europe's standard textbook on geometry
The Jewish community of Alexandria coins the word diaspora for Jews living far from Israel
The Alexandrian school of medicine develops an alarming form of clinical anatomy – human vivisection
