istoryworld
Events relating to europe
Edward I invades Scotland, massacres the people of Berwick, captures John de Balliol and brings to Westminster the Stone of Scone
The English government in Dublin calls a parliament on the lines of England's recent Model Parliament
William Wallace's victory over the English at Stirling Bridge enables him to rule Scotland on behalf of John de Balliol
The authorities in Siena publish strict regulations for the design of the buildings around a new central piazza, the Campo
Marco Polo, in prison in Genoa, is persuaded by a fellow prisoner to narrate his adventures
The English longbow, in one of its early appearances, proves too much for the Scots at Falkirk
Edward I's victory at Falkirk ends the career of William Wallace, of whom nothing more is heard until his capture and execution in 1305
Southampton boasts the earliest known bowling green, mentioned in a document of this year
Flying buttresses are a striking new structural feature on the exterior of Gothic cathedrals
Boniface VIII declares a Jubilee or Holy Year, with plenary indulgences for pilgrims who make their way to Rome
The Italian communes employ powerful leaders, or signori, in a trend which leads away from oligarchy and towards princely rule
The bankers of northern Italy develop a method of accountancy - double-entry book-keeping - which will have lasting significance
Duns Scotus, known as the Subtle Doctor in medieval times, later provides humanists with the name Dunsman or dunce
Edward I, conqueror of Wales, bestows the cherished title 'prince of Wales' on his own heir, the future Edward II
Andrew III of Hungary dies without an heir, bringing to an end four centuries of rule by the descendants of Arpad
The estates-general of France gather for the first time, in Notre Dame, to consider the king's relationship with the pope
Dante, a member of the White faction in Florence, is sentenced to death by the Blacks - and never returns to his native city
Enrico degli Scrovegni employs Giotto to paint the cycle of frescoes in his chapel in Padua
After the murder of his rival, in a church in Dumfries, Robert de Bruce is crowned king of Scots at Scone
Robert de Bruce, in hiding on the island of Rathlin, is supposedly given a lesson in perseverance by a spider
On the death of his father, Edward I, Edward II becomes king of England
Dante, in exile from Florence, begins work on The Divine Comedy - completing it just before his death, 14 years later
The cathedral authorities in Siena commission from Duccio the great altarpiece which becomes known as the Maestà
The Teutonic knights seize the coastal area round Gdansk, cutting off Poland's access to the sea
Clement V moves the papacy to Avignon, in a move which is expected to be temporary but which lasts for nearly seventy years
