istoryworld
Events relating to religion
Albert Schweitzer and his wife become missionaries at Lambaréné in west Africa
The Assemblies of God is established as the largest affiliation of Pentecostal churches
Giacomo della Chiesa is elected pope and takes the name Benedict XV
Sharif Hussein, the emir of Mecca, proclaims himself the leader of the Muslim world, thus launching an Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire
Foreign Secretary A.J. Balfour declares Britain's conditional support for a homeland in Palestine for the Jews
The Swiss theologian Karl Barth publishes his influential Commentary on Romans, taking St Paul's epistle as his text
The Haganah is set up as an underground military organization to protect Jewish settlements in Palestine
Ambrogio Ratti is elected pope and takes the name Pius XI
In I and Thou the Austrian theologian Martin Buber interprets religion in terms of the subjective experience of interpersonal relationships
The RSS party, from which the present Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) derives, is established in India by Keshava Baliram Hedgewar
Hassan al-Banna, a schoolteacher in Ismailia, founds the Muslim Brotherhood – to campaign for a society based on the Qu'ran with the sharia as its legal system
The Lateran Treaty, between the Holy See and the state of Italy, establishes the Vatican City as a free state within the wider nation
Arabs in the Palestinian town of Hebron turn on their Jewish neighbours and murder sixty-seven
The Rastafarian cult evolves in Jamaica, viewing Ras Tafari, the emperor of Ethiopia, as the black Messiah
Wallace D. Fard founds the Nation of Islam as a black separatist movement in the USA
Sectarian hostilities increase in Kashmir, with the Muslim majority resenting the favours shown by the British to the Sikh and Hindu elite
Irgun, a new Jewish paramilitary group, is set up by Haganah commanders frustrated by the older organization's policies
Adolf Hitler passes a law forcing the 'retirement' of all Jews working in the civil service, schools and universities
Elijah Muhammad takes control of the Nation of Islam, or Black Muslims, and leads the movement for more than 40 years
Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes president of the Muslim League in India
Adolf Hitler promulgates a law prohibiting any sexual relationship between Jews and 'Aryans'
New Nazi laws announced at Nuremberg strip Jews of their German citizenship
Pope Pius XI issues an encyclical, Mit Brennender Sorge, condemning the Nazi ideology of racism
Lutheran pastor Martin Niemöller is arrested for defying the Nazis and spends the next eight years in concentration camps
Left-wingers and Jews suffer immediate persecution in Nazi Austria, now part of Germany
