After the death of Prince Frederick in 1751, his widow Princess Augusta establishes the botanical gardens at Kew.

The first (wooden) toll bridge at Kew, built by Robert Tunstall, is inaugurated by the Prince of Wales (later George III).. At this time it is the only bridge between Fulham and Kingston

Designed by Sir William Chambers, the Orangery in Kew Gardens is completed. It bears the arms of Princess Augusta, for whom it was built, and her husband Prince Frederick.

A second fleet arrives in Sydney, bringing more convicts and a regiment, the New South Wales Corps, to keep order

Welsh industrialist Robert Owen takes charge of a mill at New Lanark and develops it as an experiment in paternalistic socialism

Richard Trevithick runs the first locomotive on rails, pulling heavy weights a distance of 9 miiles (15 km) near Merthyr Tydfil in Wales

Scottish engineer Thomas Telford completes two suspension bridges in Wales, at Conwy and over the Menai Strait

British engineer Robert Stephenson completes a box-girder railway bridge over the Menai Strait, between Anglesey and mainland Wales

An official National Eisteddfod is held for the first time in Wales, in Aberdare

Major Walter Wingfield secures a patent for Sphairistike, a game he has developed at his home in Wales, from which lawn tennis evolves

Keir Hardie is returned to parliament for Merthyr Tydfil, beginning a long and close link between the Labour party and Wales.

The Welsh painter Augustus John becomes Britain's most famous bohemian

Cardiff's new Civic Centre is launched with the completion of the City Hall and Law Courts, designed by Lanchester, Stewart and Rickards

The Welsh poet W.H. Davies has a success with The Autobiography of a Super-Tramp, his account of life on the road and in dosshouses

Plaid Cymru, the 'party of Wales', is founded in a temperance hotel in Pwllheli during the National Eisteddfod

The fourth Hampton Court Bridge, designed by Edwin Lutyens, is opened by the Price of Wales, on 3 July 1933, who also opens Chiswick Bridge and Twickenham Bridge on the same day

Japanese planes sink the British battleship Prince of Wales and the battle cruiser Repulse off the coast of Malaya

Plaid Cymru sends its first MP to Westminster when Gwynfor Evans wins a Carmarthen by-election

116 children die when a sliding slag heap buries a primary school in the Welsh village of Aberfan

19-year-old rugby player J.P.R. Williams makes his debut for Wales in a match against Scotland

The threat of a hunger strike persuades the British government to authorize S4C (Sianel Pedwar Cymru), a television channel broadcasting in Welsh

Electrician Lech Walesa emerges as the leader of a strike in the Gdansk shipyard in Poland

Lech Walesa is elected chairman of the newly formed Polish trade union movement Solidarnośc (Solidarity)

Polish union leader and activist Lech Walesa is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

Designed by Gordon Wilson, and replacing 26 individual glasshouses, the Princess of Wales Conservatory is opened by Diana, Princess of Wales.