All Events

Brunel's Great Western, a wooden paddle-steamer, arives in New York the day after the Sirius, with the record for an Atlantic crossing already reduced to 15 days

US inventor Samuel Morse gives the first public demonstration, in Philadelphia, of his electric telegraph

During a ceremony to celebrate their treaty with Dingaan, Piet Retief and his Boer companions are overpowered and killed

Dingaan's warriors massacre Boer families in a series of dawn raids near the Bloukrans river

Five American Indian tribes are forcibly escorted to a new Indian Territory west of the Mississippi in the process that becomes known as the Great Removal

In his Contributions to Phytogenesis Matthias Schleiden states that all parts of a plant organism consist of cells

The London Prize Ring rules disallow kicking, gouging, head-butting and biting in the sport of boxing

The People's Charter, with its six political demands, launches the Chartist movement in England

The Public Records Act creates the Public Record Office with headquarters in existing buildings on the Rolls Estate in Chancery Lane, in the City of London

Civil war breaks out in Uruguay between the Reds and the Whites, followers respectively of Rivera and Oribe

The river Ncome becomes known as the Blood River after thousands of Zulu die attacking Andries Pretorius and the Boers

Pugin designs St Chad's in Birmingham, completed in 1841 and the first cathedral built in England since Christopher Wren's St Paul's

US naval officer Charles Wilkes leads a four-year exploration of the Antarctic and Pacific, proving on the way that Antarctica is a continent

In his Divinity School Address, delivered at Harvard, Ralph Waldo Emerson criticizes formal religion and gives priority to personal spiritual experience

US author Nathaniel Hawthorne publishes Fanshawe, his first novel, at his own expense

The Royal Exchange, rebuilt after the Great Fire, burns down again

The British seize the strategic port of Aden and administer it as a province annexed to India

Theodor Schwann, after collaboration with Schleiden, shows that all living organisms, animal as well as vegetable, are composed of cells

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