Events relating to america
The Portuguese royal family flees to Brazil on the approach of a French army led by Jean-Andoche Junot
US engineer Robert Fulton launches a steamboat, the Clermont, on New York's Hudson river
Thomas Jefferson puts an embargo on US exports, hoping to damage the economy of France and Britain
The German-born US entrepreneur John Jacob Astor establishes the American Fur Company
Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa set up a permanent base in Indiana, calling it Prophetstown
The Portuguese royal family and their entourage arrive in Rio de Janeiro
The Shakers define their Millennial laws in the Testimony of Christ's Second Appearing
Republican candidate James Madison wins the US presidential election, defeating Federalist Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
The Treaty of Fort Wayne is the climax of seven years in which William Henry Harrison has acquired millions of acres from the American Indians
Washington Irving uses the fictional Dutch scholar Diedrich Knickerbocker as the supposed author of his comic History of New York
With acts of defiance in Sucre, Bolivia becomes the first American province to rebel against the Spanish authorities
Simón Bolívar, a young officer in Caracas, takes part in a coup which wins control of Venezuela from the Spanish
After a public meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentinians set up an autonomous local government in opposition to Spanish forces
José Gervasio Artigas lays siege to the Spanish forces in Montevideo, beginning Uruguay's long struggle for independence
The citizens of Bogotá expel the local Spanish officials and declare their loyalty to the deposed Ferdinand VII
The parish priest of Dolores sparks a rebellion against the Spanish authorities in Mexico with his Grito de Dolores
16-year-old future millionaire Cornelius Vanderbilt begins his career by establishing a ferry service to Manhattan
Chile begins four years of untroubled independence, ruled by a junta introducing liberal reforms
Work begins at Cumberland in Maryland on the construction of America's National Road
John Jacob Astor establishes Astoria, a settlement on the Pacific coast to develop his fur trade with China
The citizens of Bogotá declare the independence of the province of Colombia
The colonists of Paraguay throw out their Spanish governor and declare independence
An American army attacks and destroys Tecumseh's base at Prophetstown
Damage to US trade by British orders in council prompts war (the War of 1812) between the two nations
The Spanish authorities recover control of Venezuela, ending the region's first brief spell of independence