Events relating to christianity
The treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji grants Russia special rights in relation to the Christian Holy Places under Ottoman control
Talleyrand begins an extremely varied career by becoming an abbot at the age of twenty-one
Joseph II passes an Edict of Toleration, for the first time allowing Protestant worship in Habsburg territories
A second great revivalist movement sweeps northeast America, inspired by the earlier example of Jonathan Edwards
Thomas Paine publishes his completed Age of Reason, an attack on conventional Christianity
A secret Protestant group, the Orange Society, is formed in Co. Armagh to resist Irish nationalism
Pope Pius VI is seized by a French army in Rome and is taken off to captivity in France
Napoleon mends France's fences with Roman Catholicism by agreeing a Concordat with Pope Pius VII
Napoleon annexes the Papal States and is excommunicated by the pope, Pius VII
Napoleon, in response to his excommunication, has pope Pius VII arrested and kept in captivity in northern Italy and then France
The Jesuit Order is restored by Pius VII on his return to Rome
The rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe
Daniel O'Connell organizes Catholic Associations throughout Ireland, funded by the members' penny subscriptions

The Emancipation Act, enabling Daniel O'Connell to take his seat at Westminster, at last removes the restrictions on Catholics in UK public life
Evangelical preacher Charles Grandison Finney leads a new wave of revivalism in the northeastern states
In his Divinity School Address, delivered at Harvard, Ralph Waldo Emerson criticizes formal religion and gives priority to personal spiritual experience
The Young Men's Christian Association is founded in London by British drapery assistant George Williams
The first American branch of the Young Men's Christian Association is established in Boston
France demands that Turkey should end Russia's exclusive control of the Christian Holy Places in the Ottoman empire
Russia insists that her exclusive rights over the Holy Places are enshrined in the treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji
Antoinette Brown becomes the first female to be ordained a minister in the USA, in the First Congregational Church in South Butler, NY
Pope Pius IX issues a papal bull declaring that the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary is to be an article of faith for Catholics
The Christian Socialism of F.D. Maurice and others is mocked by its opponents as 'muscular Christianity'
David Livingstone urges upon a Cambridge audience the high ideal of taking 'commerce and Christianity' into Africa
Pope Pius IX includes socialism, civil marriage and secular education among eighty modern errors listed in his Syllabus