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| 1291 |
| | | The Swiss forest districts of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden sign an Everlasting League (in the Rütli meadow) to resist Habsburg domination | |
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| 1294 |
| | | The first open-air democratic assembly, later characteristic of the Swiss cantons, is held in Schwyz | |
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| 1315 |
| | | The Swiss, defeating the Habsburgs at Morgarten, make lethal use of their halberds - designed to jab, grapple and slash | |
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| 1320 |
| | | The leading role of Schwyz in the victory at Morgarten causes the independent cantons to become informally known as the Swiss confederation | |
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| c. 1350 |
| | | William Tell, a figure of legend, epitomizes the struggle of the Swiss farmers against their feudal overlords, the Habsburgs | |
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| 1476 |
| | | The Swiss win a decisive victory at Morat over the army of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy | |
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| 1481 |
| | | Civil war between squabbling Swiss cantons is averted by the diplomcy of a hermit, Brother Klaus, at the Convention of Stans | |
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| 1499 |
| | | The Swiss (or Swabian) War ends with the treaty of Basel, bringing effective recognition of Swiss independence from the Habsburg empire | |
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| 1520 |
| | | The German painter Hans Holbein the Younger establishes his own studio in Basel | |
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| 1522 |
| | | Huldreich Zwingli eats sausage in Lent in Zurich, launching the Swiss Reformation | |
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