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| 359 BC |
| | | Philip II succeds his father Amyntas III on the throne of Macedonia, the northernmost kingdom of Greece | |
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| 356 BC |
| | | Alexander the Great is born in Pella, the capital of his father Philip II, at the heart of the expanding Macedonian kingdom | |
|  | Pella, mosaic
Fotofile CG
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| 343 BC |
| | | Aristotle is employed in Macedon as tutor to the 13-year-old heir to the throne, Alexander | |
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| c. 343 BC |
| | | Hephaestion, Alexander's closest lifelong friend, may have been among the small group taught by Aristotle | |
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| c. 343 BC |
| | | Homer's Iliad becomes a profound source of inspiration to Alexander, who will keep scrolls of the text in his tent during his conquests | |
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| 340 BC |
| | | Alexander the Great, at the age of sixteen, conducts his first successful military campaign – against the Thracians | |
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| c. 340 BC |
| | | The Macedonians develop the catapult as a siege engine for the armies of Philip II and Alexander the Great | |
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| 337 BC |
| | | The League of Corinth resolves to launch a war against Persia, with Philip II in command of the confederate forces | |
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| 336 BC |
| | | An advance guard of 10,000 troops sets off towards Persia in the spring, with Philip due to follow later with the main army | |
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| 336 BC |
| | | At a summer feast to celebrate the wedding of his daughter, Philip of Macedon is murdered by one of his courtiers | |
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