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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1668 |
| | | The Bank of Sweden is founded, and survives today as the world's oldest bank | |
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| c. 1669 |
| | | The duke of York, heir to the English and Scottish thrones, is secretly received into the Roman Catholic church | |
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| 1669 |
| | | Robert de La Salle makes his first exploration of the Ohio valley, providing the basis for France's later claim to the area | |
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| 1669 |
| | | Samuel Pepys ends his diary, after only writing it for nine years | |
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| c. 1670 |
| | | The Dutch develop a new pattern of middle-class urban life and architecture, later copied in England | |
|  | Amsterdam
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| c. 1670 |
| | | Members of the Sakaida Kakiemon family are producing exquisitely decorated porcelain ware in Japan | |
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| 1672 |
| | | Giovanni Domenico Cassini, working in the Paris royal observatory, calculates the distance from the earth to the sun and is only 7% out | |
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| 1672 |
| | | Charles II issues a Declaration of Indulgence, suspending the restrictions on Catholics and Nonconformists | |
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| 1672 |
| | | Isaac Newton's experiments with the prism demonstrate the link between wavelength and colour in light | |
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| 1673 |
| | | The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb begins building the great Badshahi Mosque in Lahore | |
|  | Lahore, Badshahi Mosque
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| 1673 |
| | | Molière falls fatally ill when acting in his own play Le Malade Imaginaire | |
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| 1673 |
| | | Sébastien de Vauban's new technique for conducting the siege of a town shows its effectiveness at Maastricht | |
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| 1673 |
| | | Parliament in England passes a Test Act excluding Catholics and Nonconformists from public office | |
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| 1674 |
| | | The Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek builds a microscope powerful enough for him to observe and describe the red corpuscles in blood | |
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| 1674 |
| | | Samuel Sewall begins a diary of daily life in Boston, Massachusetts, that will span a period of more than fifty years | |
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| c. 1675 |
| | | Dutch traders purchase Kakiemon wares in Japan for import to the Netherlands | |
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| 1675 |
| | | Christiaan Huygens, inventor of the pendulum clock, now develops the hairspring - of great future importance in watches | |
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| c. 1675 |
| | | The double-hung sash window is introduced in England and soon spreads to Holland | |
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| 1675 |
| | | A sudden uprising by the Wampanoag Indians against the new England settlements begins the conflict known as King Philip's War | |
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| 1676 |
| | | Ole Roemer, a Danish astronomer working with Cassini in Paris, calculates the speed of light with an error of only 25% | |
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| 1677 |
| | | With his powerful new microscope Leeuwenhoek observes spermatozoa in the semen of a dog | |
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| c. 1677 |
| | | Baruch Spinoza's Ethics, dealing with God, the mind and the emotions, is published shortly after his death | |
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| 1678 |
| | | The Popish Plot, an invented Jesuit conspiracy to kill Charles II, results in the execution of about thirty-five Roman Catholics | |
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| 1678 |
| | | Part I of The Pilgrim's Progress, written during John Bunyan's two spells in Bedford Gaol, is published and is immediately popular | |
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| 1678 |
| | | Christiaan Huygens expounds the theory that light consists of a vibration forming a ripple of waves | |
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| 1679 |
| | | The rival political parties in Britain find abusive names for each other - Whigs and Tories | |
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| c. 1680 |
| | | The English clockmaker Thomas Tompion is the first to make successful use of the hairspring in pocket watches | |
|  | Pocket watch by Tompion
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| 1680 |
| | | Feudal labour laws demanding corvée (compulsory unpaid labour) are imposed by the Habsburgs on the Czech peasants of Bohemia | |
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| c. 1680 |
| | | Louis XIV persecutes the Huguenots by means of dragonnades - the billetting of unruly dragoons in the homes of villagers | |
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