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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1159 |
| | | Henry the Lion builds a new town at Lübeck, well placed to develop as the centre of the Hanseatic League | |
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| c. 1160 |
| | | Chrétien de Troyes and other French authors turn the stories of Arthur and his knights into a romance of courtly love | |
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| 1162 |
| | | Thomas Becket, Lord Chancellor to Henry II, is forced by the king to accept the vacant post of archbishop of Canterbury | |
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| 1164 |
| | | Thomas Becket, having offended the king by his firm stand as archbishop of Canterbury, flees to a monastery near Paris | |
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| 1169 |
| | | Normans land in Ireland, seize Wexford, and in the following year capture Waterford and Dublin | |
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| c. 1170 |
| | | The English exchequer grows in importance under Henry II, taking its name from the table on which financial calculations are made | |
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| c. 1170 |
| | | The first known mystery play, the Mystery of Adam, takes place outside a church somewhere in France | |
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| 1170 |
| | | Henry II arranges for the archbishop of York to crown his son, the 'Young King', as a joint ruler | |
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| 1170 |
| | | Thomas Becket, in France, suspends the English bishops who have participated in the coronation of the 'Young King' | |
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| 1170 |
| | | After an apparent reconciliation with Henry II, Thomas Becket leaves France and returns to Canterbury | |
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| 1170 |
| | | Four knights, acting on an unguarded hint from Henry II, murder Thomas Becket on December 29 in his cathedral at Canterbury | |
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| 1171 |
| | | Saladin deposes the Fatimid caliph and brings Egypt back to orthodoxy, acknowledging the rule of the Sunni caliph in Baghdad | |
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| 1171 |
| | | The English king, Henry II, acknowledges Rhys ap Gruffydd as the lord of south Wales | |
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| 1171 |
| | | Henry II, the king of England, summons the Irish and Norman lords to do homage to him in Dublin | |
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| 1174 |
| | | The Scottish king, William the Lion, is captured raiding into Northumberland and is taken south with his feet tied beneath his horse | |
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| 1175 |
| | | The Gothic style is first seen in Britain in the new east end of Canterbury cathedral | |
|  | Canterbury Cathedral
Fotofile CG
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| 1176 |
| | | Construction begins on London Bridge, the first stone bridge to be built across a tidal waterway | |
|  | 'Old London Bridge 1745', watercolour by Dodd
Guildhall Library
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| 1176 |
| | | The first known eisteddfod is held during Christmas festivities at Rhys ap Gruffydd's court in Cardigan castle | |
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| 1179 |
| | | In a treaty signed at Cazorla, the kings of Castile and Aragon agree on a plan of cooperation against the Muslims | |
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| c. 1180 |
| | | The shared memories and legends of Nordic peoples are brought together in a great German epic, the Nibelungenlied | |
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| c. 1180 |
| | | In Cordoba the Muslim philosopher Averroës writes commentaries on Aristotle that are influential throughout medieval Europe | |
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| c. 1180 |
| | | In Cairo the Jewish philosoper Moses Maimonides writes, in Arabic, a much translated text with the endearing title Guide to the Perplexed | |
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| 1182 |
| | | Resentment of western merchants results in a massacre of Roman Catholics by fellow Christians in Constantinople | |
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| 1185 |
| | | The triumph of the Minamoto clan in Japan in 1185 leads to an uneasy relationship between the brothers Yoritomo and Yoshitsune | |
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| 1187 |
| | | Saladin destroys the Christian army of the Latin kingdom in a battle below the Horns of Hattin | |
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| 1187 |
| | | Saladin captures various Crusader fortresses and walled cities, including Acre | |
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| 1187 |
| | | Saladin takes Jerusalem and treats the Christian inhabitants with a consideration unusual for the time | |
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| 1188 |
| | | Representatives of the towns in Léon are summoned to one of the earliest known parliaments | |
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| 1189 |
| | | The English king Henry II is succeeded by his third son as Richard I | |
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| 1190 |
| | | A year after succeeding to the throne of England, Richard I sets off east as one of the leaders of the third crusade | |
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| 1190 |
| | | The third crusade suffers an early disaster when its first leader, the emperor Frederick Barbarossa, is drowned crossing the Calycadnus river | |
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| 1191 |
| | | The Muslim garrison of Acre surrenders to Richard I, who orders the massacre of 2700 of its members | |
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| 1191 |
| | | The Teutonic Knights are founded to run a hospital in Acre, in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem | |
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| 1192 |
| | | Yoritomo is given the title sei-i-tai-shogun, beginning centuries of rule by shoguns more powerful than the Japanese emperors | |
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| 1192 |
| | | Richard I, returning from the Holy Land in disguise, is recognized in an inn near Vienna and is imprisoned until England pays a massive ransom | |
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