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| | | | World History timeline |
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| c. 1020 |
| | | The Persian scholar Avicenna, author of encyclopedic works on philosophy and medicine, spends the last part of his life in Isfahan | |
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| c. 1020 |
| | | Count Radbot builds himself a 'hawk's castle' or Habichstburg, near Zurich, from which the Habsburg dynasty takes its name | |
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| 1024 |
| | | Conrad II is elected as the German king, begining the dynasty variously known as Franconian or Salian | |
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| 1025 |
| | | Mahmud of Ghazni marches an army across an Indian desert to destroy a great temple at Somnath, killing - it is said - some 50,000 Hindus | |
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| c. 1030 |
| | | Yaroslav builds up his Russian kingdom and turns his capital, Kiev, into a spectacular Christian city | |
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| c. 1030 |
| | | Yaroslav commissions Russkaya Pravda ('Russian truth'), a code of Russia's laws | |
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| c. 1040 |
| | | A Chinese manual on warfare includes the earliest known description of gunpowder | |
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| 1040 |
| | | In a battle near Elgin Macbeth kills his cousin Duncan, a rival claimant to the Scottish throne | |
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| 1040 |
| | | The Seljuk Turks win a victory at Dandanqan, which gives them a base in the north of Iran and Afghanistan | |
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| 1042 |
| | | Edward the Confessor, the rightful heir in the Anglo-Saxon royal line, becomes king of England | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | Islam reaches Kanem-Bornu, a joint kingdom encompassing the eastern and western shores of Lake Chad | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | The heavier and more dense style of calligraphy, known as 'black letter', becomes the fashion in manuscripts written in northern Europe | |
|  | Nuremberg Chronicle, black-letter typography
Fotofile CG
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| c. 1050 |
| | | A Muslim dynasty is established at Kilwa, on the east African coast | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | The concept of movable type for printing is pioneered in China, using fired clay, but it proves impractical | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | The rulers of Baghdad harness homing pigeons as postmen. | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | Polyphony brings new complexity of interweaving vocal lines, in the choral singing of abbey or cathedral | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | The earliest surviving reference to the principle of the compass occurs in a Chinese manuscript | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | Ife emerges as a powerful kingdom in the equatorial forest of the lower Niger | |
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| 1054 |
| | | A Russian chronicle makes the first mention of the marauding Polovtsy, who persistently raid Russian cities from the steppes | |
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| 1054 |
| | | Astronomers in China and Japan observe the explosion of the supernova which is still visible as the Crab Nebula | |
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| 1054 |
| | | A papal delegate (from Leo IX) excommunicates Cerularius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, and the delegate is excommunicated in retaliation, launching a lasting East-West Schism | |
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| 1055 |
| | | Togrul Beg enters Baghdad and is granted by the caliph the title of sultan, which becomes hereditary in his Seljuk dynasty | |
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| 1057 |
| | | Duncan's son, Malcolm, kills Macbeth in battle at Lumphanan - and in the following year is himself crowned at Scone | |
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| 1062 |
| | | Berber tribesmen, the Almoravids, establish a base at Marrakech from which they conquer northwest Africa and move into Spain | |
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| 1064 |
| | | Su Sung, a Buddhist monk, develops in China the principle of the escapement in his tower clock worked by a water wheel | |
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| 1066 |
| | | On his death bed in Westminster, Edward the Confessor designates Harold - foremost among England's barons - as his successor | |
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| 1066 |
| | | Edward the Confessor is buried in his new abbey church at Westminster, consecrated only the previous week | |
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| 1066 |
| | | On the day of Edward's burial, Harold is crowned king - almost certainly in the same abbey church at Westminster | |
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| 1066 |
| | | Halley's comet, appearing in the Normans' annus mirabilis, is later depicted in the Bayeux tapestry | |
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| 1066 |
| | | Harold defeats at Stamford Bridge the joint army of his brother Tostig and of the Norwegian king, Harald Hardraade | |
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| 1066 |
| | | The Normans, as seen in the Bayeux tapestry, invade England in Viking longships with fortified platforms for archers | |
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| 1066 |
| | | Harold, hurrying south to confront the Normans after his victory at Stamford Bridge, is defeated and killed at Hastings | |
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| 1066 |
| | | William the Conqueror (William I) is crowned on Christmas Day at Westminster - giving the new abbey church two coronations and a royal funeral in its first year | |
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| c. 1071 |
| | | The campaigns of Alp Arslan, culminating in 1071, give the Seljuk Turks a lasting presence in Anatolia | |
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| 1071 |
| | | The Seljuk Turks and the Byzantines meet in battle at Manzikert, with victory going to the Turks | |
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| 1075 |
| | | Pope Gregory VII decrees that only the church may make ecclesiastical appointments, thus initiating the investiture controversy between pope and emperor | |
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