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| | | World History timeline |
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| 965 |
| | Mieszko, pagan chieftain of the Poles, marries a Christian Czech princess and brings all his people into the Roman Catholic fold | |
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| 969 |
| | The Fatimids establish a new capital city on the Nile, calling it Al Kahira ('the victorious'), which becomes reduced to Cairo | |
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| 975 |
| | The Hungarian king Gezá and his family are baptized as Roman Catholics, beginning a long link between Hungary and Rome | |
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| 976 |
| | Brian Boru becomes king of Munster and leader of the Irish campaign against the Vikings | |
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| 976 |
| | Leopold, of the Babenberg family, becomes margrave of Austria and founds a dynasty which lasts for three centuries | |
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| c. 981 |
| | Eric Thorvaldsson, or Eric the Red, sails to Greenland when he is exiled from Iceland | |
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| 986 |
| | The Khitan, a tribe from eastern Mongolia, fortify Beijing and make it their capital city | |
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| 987 |
| | The Mayan city of Chichén Itzá is captured by the Toltecs | |
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| 987 |
| | Hugh Capet, a Frankish noble elected king of west Francia, establishes the royal dynasty of France. | |
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| 987 |
| | Hugh Capet is the first in an unbroken line of twelve generations on the throne of France | |
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| c. 987 |
| | Vladimir, the prince of Kiev, decides that Greek Orthodoxy is the most suitable religion for the Russian people | |
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| 991 |
| | New waves of Danes, raiding into the English territory of Danelaw, are bought off by Ethelred with Danegeld | |
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| c. 995 |
| | Sei Shonagon, a lady-in-waiting to the Japanese empress, records her thoughts and impressions in her Pillow Book | |
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| 999 |
| | Mahmud, a Turk, builds an empire based on Ghazni (in modern Afghanistan) | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Iceland's parliament, the althing, passes a resolution that everyone on the island is to be baptized | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | A Muslim dynasty is established at Gao, on the Niger | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Buddhist, Hindu and Jain shrines are carved from the rock in the cave temples of Ellora, in India | |
|  | Ellora, courtyard Fotofile CG
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| c. 1000 |
| | The Jews, barred from any work which Christians want to do, find profitable employment as money-lenders | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | The first illustrated manual of surgery is written by Abul Kasim, an Arab physician in Cordoba | |
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| c. 1000? |
| | The huge stone heads standing on Easter Island are carved and erected at some time between the sixth and seventeenth century AD | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Leif Ericsson claims to have made landfall at three places in north America, one of which he names Vinland - the land of wine | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | The salt mines of the Sahara provide a staple commodity in the African caravan trade | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Man-eating Caribs move into the islands around the sea named after them - the Caribbean | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | The Inca ethnic group migrates into the region of the Cuzco valley in Peru | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Turks from Ghazni, raiding into northwest India, renew the pressure of Islam on the subcontinent | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Warlike tribal groups, calling themselves Rajput and claiming descent from the Aryan warrior caste, are now in Rajasthan | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | A trading centre at Mapungubwe, on the Limpopo, evolves into a state ruled by a king in a zimbabwe | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | Lively and often fantastic figures, cunningly fitted around the capitals of columns, show the vigour of Romanesque sculpture | |
|  | Carved stone monster Fotofile CG
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| c. 1000 |
| | The feudal knight of northern Europe, wearing armour of chain mail on a sturdy horse, becomes the fighting machine of the Middle Ages | |
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| 1001 |
| | Japanese author Murasaki Shibubi produces, in The Tale of Genji, a book which can be considered the world's first novel | |
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| c. 1001 |
| | Pope Sylvester II, according to tradition, sends a sacred crown for the coronation of Hungary's first king, St Stephen | |
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| c. 1010 |
| | Thorfinn Karlsefni leads an expedition to north America, traces of which may survive in a longhouse at L'Anse aux Meadows | |
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| c. 1010 |
| | Firdausi completes his great chronicle of Persian history, the Shah-nama, which becomes established as Iran's national epic | |
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| 1014 |
| | Brian Boru, aged 73, achieves a major victory over the Vikings at Clontarf but is killed in his tent after the battle | |
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| 1017 |
| | Canute, joint king of Denmark, is accepted also as king of England after subduing the country and marrying Ethelred's widow | |
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