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| | | | World History timeline |
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| c. 800 |
| | | Seafarers colonize New Zealand, the last great island region in the Pacific to be reached by human beings | |
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| c. 800 |
| | | Beowulf, the first great work of Germanic literature, mingles the legends of Scandinavia with the experience in England of Angles and Saxons | |
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| c. 800 |
| | | The Jews prosper in the Muslim and Carolingian empires, forming strong communities in Spain and in Germany | |
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| 800 |
| | | In St Peter's in Rome, on Christmas Day, pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne emperor - supposedly to Charlemagne's surprise | |
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| 801 |
| | | Chia Tan produces an ambitious map for the emperor, some 30 by 33 feet in size, showing the entire T'ang empire | |
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| 805 |
| | | Pope Leo III consecrates Charlemagne's new palace chapel in Aachen, modelled on San Vitale in Ravenna | |
|  | Aachen Cathedral, Rotunda and Ambulatory
Fotofile CG
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| 811 |
| | | Hemming, a Danish king, makes a treaty with the Franks establishing the river Eider as the southern border of Denmark | |
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| 813 |
| | | Charlemage has his only surviving legitimate son, Louis the Pious, crowned as his co-emperor | |
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| 814 |
| | | Charlemagne dies and his son Louis the Pious inherits the whole, now greatly extended, Frankish empire | |
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| c. 816 |
| | | Work begins in Rheims on the Utrecht Psalter, an outstanding example of the Carolingian illuminated manuscript | |
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| c. 820 |
| | | The Venetians move their administration from the island of Torcello to the Rialto | |
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| c. 825 |
| | | The discovery of the supposed remains of the apostle St James makes Santiago de Compostela a new centre of European pilgrimage | |
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| c. 825 |
| | | Viking tribes known as the Rus are established as traders in the region of Novgorod | |
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| 827 |
| | | The Arabs get a foothold in Sicily and begin a slow process, not complete till AD 965, of squeezing the Byzantines out of the island | |
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| 828 |
| | | The Venetians, acquiring from Alexandria some bones believed to be those of St Mark, build St Mark's to house the valuable relic | |
|  | St.Mark's, Venice. Mosaic
Fotofile CG
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| 838 |
| | | Vikings from Norway capture Dublin and establish a Norse kingdom in Ireland | |
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| 843 |
| | | The iconoclastic controversy ends when Theodora, widow of the emperor Theophilus, officially sanctions the veneration of icons | |
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| 843 |
| | | The division of western Europe into three kingdoms for the sons of Louis the Pious is agreed at Verdun, with lasting consequences | |
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| 843 |
| | | Kenneth king of the Scots is accepted also as king of the Picts, providing the traditional founding event of the kingdom of Scotland | |
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| 843 |
| | | The central Frankish kingdom, Francia Media, becomes one of the great fault lines of European history | |
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| 845 |
| | | On the orders of the T'ang emperor, 4000 monasteries are destroyed in China and 250,000 monks and nuns forced into secular life | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | Vikings are by now securely established in the Orkneys, Shetlands and Hebrides, and in much of the Scottish mainlaid down to Loch Ness | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | Strip-farming gives each member of the village a stake in the communal crop, while also sharing out the good land | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | As a gesture of unity, Kenneth MacAlpin brings to Scone (a Pictish royal site) a sacred coronation stone associated with the Scots | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | Communal gatherings, the thing and the larger althing, are the distant origins of Scandivian parliaments | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | The three-field system, introduced by the Franks, increases agricultural yield by 33%. | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | The caliphs in Baghdad begin to employ Turkish slaves, or Mamelukes, in their armies | |
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| 862 |
| | | During refurbishment of the mosque at Kairouan, in north Africa, a high fluted dome is added | |
|  | Kairouan
Photograph Barnaby Rogerson
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| 863 |
| | | The missionary brothers Cyril and Methodius arrive in Moravia, where they introduce the Greek Orthodox faith in a special Slavonic liturgy | |
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| 865 |
| | | The Bulgarian king Boris I is baptized in the Greek Orthodox faith, bringing his people within the Byzantine fold | |
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| c. 866 |
| | | The eastern part of the Persian empire comes under the control of the Saffarid dynasty | |
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| 866 |
| | | A great army of Danes captures York - the first step in the establishment of Danelaw in eastern England | |
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| 868 |
| | | The world's first known printed book, a Diamond Sutra, is commissioned by a Buddhist monk in honour of his parents | |
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| 868 |
| | | The Diamand Sutra has as a frontispiece a printed woodcut depicting an enthroned Buddha | |
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| c. 870 |
| | | Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Mameluke, seizes power in Egypt - establishing his own Tulunid dynasty | |
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| c. 870 |
| | | Cyril and Methodius translate the Gospels and parts of the Old Testament into Slavonic for the Moravians. | |
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