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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 592 |
| | | Pope Gregory I negotiates with the Lombards who are threatening Rome | |
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| 597 |
| | | Augustine, arriving with a party of monks from Rome, reaches Canterbury and is well received by the pagan king of Kent | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | Ritual intoning of the psalms, derived from Jewish synagogues, is formalized in Christian worship as Gregorian chant | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The classic form of Arabic poetry, predating Islam, evolves as the qasidah | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The distinction between capital and lower-case emerges in the scriptoria of the Irish monasteries | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The Scots, a tribal group of northern Ireland, extend their kingdom across the sea into Scotland | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The walls of caves at Ajanta are profusely decorated with Buddhist murals | |
|  | Ajanta Mural
Fotofile CG
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| 607 |
| | | Prince Shotoku Taishi, an enthusiastic patron of Buddhism, builds the Horyuji temple and pagoda at Nara | |
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| c. 610 |
| | | St Columban founds a monastery at Bobbio, the furthest outpost of Celtic Christianity | |
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| c. 610 |
| | | The Grand Canal is constructed in China, joining a network of existing waterways to link the Yangtze and Yellow rivers | |
|  | Grand Canal, China
Photograph Beryl Pethick
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| c. 613 |
| | | Muhammad begins preaching in Mecca the message of Allah, dictated to him by the archangel Gabriel | |
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| 614 |
| | | Jerusalem falls to the Persian emperor Khosrau II after a siege of a month, and it is said that 60,000 Christians are massacred | |
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| 615 |
| | | When the Persians sack Jerusalem, they carry off to Ctesiphon Christianity's most sacred relic - the True Cross | |
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| 618 |
| | | A high official of the Sui empire seizes power and establishes one of China's greatest dynasties, the T'ang | |
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| c. 620 |
| | | The Irish monk St Aidan moves from Iona to establish a monastery on Lindisfarne | |
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| 622 |
| | | Muhammad departs from Mecca and settles in Medina, in the event known as the Hegira | |
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| 622 |
| | | The year of the Hegira (Muhammad's move from Mecca to Medina) becomes Anno Hegirae or AH1, the first year in Muslim chronology | |
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| c. 625 |
| | | The treasure of an Anglo-Saxon king (possibly Raedwald, who dies at this time) is buried in a 90-foot-long ship at Sutton Hoo | |
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| 627 |
| | | The Byzantine emperor Heraclius recovers the True Cross from Ctesiphon | |
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| 630 |
| | | Mecca becomes the holy city of Islam and soon all Arabia accepts the new religion | |
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| 632 |
| | | The death of Muhammad at Medina is followed by the election of the first caliph, Abu Bakr, a father-in-law of the prophet | |
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| 634 |
| | | Omar, another father-in-law of Muhammad, is elected as the second Muslim caliph (the word means 'sucessor to the Messenger of God') | |
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| 634 |
| | | Within two years of the death of Muhammad, the Arabs surge north into the Syrian desert | |
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| 637 |
| | | The Arabs defeat a Persian army at Kadisiya and then sack the city of Ctesiphon, effectively bringing to an end the Sassanian dynasty | |
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| 638 |
| | | The Arab capture of Jerusalem brings Palestine and Syria under Muslim control | |
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| 642 |
| | | The unopposed capture of Alexandria by the Arabs completes the Muslim conquest of Egypt | |
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| 643 |
| | | The Coptic Christians of Egypt become isolated after the Muslim conquest | |
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| 644 |
| | | After the assassination of Omar, Othman is elected as the third Muslim caliph | |
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| 644 |
| | | A document makes the first known reference to windmills, in use in Persia | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | At Dunhuang, an oasis on the Silk Road, as many as 500 caves are decorated with Buddhist murals | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | In the Frankish kingdoms the 'mayors of the palace' steadily become more powerful than their nominal masters, the Merovingian kings | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | The Book of Durrow, one of the earliest of the great Celtic manuscripts, is written and illuminated in Ireland | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | Under the caliph Othman, the revelations made to Muhammad are collected in their definitive form as the Qur'an | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | Jews and Christians, sharing with Muslims the status of 'people of the book', are promised religious tolerance in the Qur'an | |
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| c. 650 |
| | | The Vikings develop the fast and narrow longships with which they raid across the North Sea | |
|  | Viking ship
Fotofile CG
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| c. 650 |
| | | Songtsen Gampo builds temples in Lhasa for his two Buddhist wives, thus introducing the religion to Tibet | |
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