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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1936 |
| | | Edward VIII, forced to choose between the British throne and Wallis Simpson, opts for the path of love and abdicates | |
|  | Edward VIII's letter of abdication in 1936
National Archives, Kew
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| 1936 |
| | | Edward VIII is succeeded on the British throne by his brother, as George VI | |
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| 1936 |
| | | Hungarian photographer Robert Capa achieves an unprecedented immediacy in his coverage of the Spanish Civil War | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Anastasio Somoza makes himself president of Nicaragua, beginning four decades of brutal rule by his family | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Joe Louis, 'The Brown Bomber', defeats James J. Braddock to become world heavyweight champion | |
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| 1937 |
| | | French film director Jean Renoir makes La Grande Illusion, set in World War I | |
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| 1937 |
| | | US trombonist Glenn Miller forms his first band, the Glenn Miller Orchestra | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Pope Pius XI issues an encyclical, Mit Brennender Sorge, condemning the Nazi ideology of racism | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The Nationalist leader in Spain, Francisco Franco, merges Falange with other right-wing parties to form the Movimento | |
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| 1937 |
| | | German planes bomb the Basque capital, Guernica, in support of the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War | |
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| 1937 |
| | | British artist Ben Nicholson does the first of his characteristic abstract white reliefs | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The first can of Spam goes on sale, produced by the Hormel company of Austin, Minnesota | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The German airship Hindenburg bursts into flames over New Jersey, bringing to an end the era of rigid airships | |
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| 1937 |
| | | William Walton writes Crown Imperial for the coronation of George VI | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Congress passes a Neutrality Act, to prevent US aid being given to belligerent nations | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Congress rejects President Roosevelt's proposed reform of the US Supreme Court, amid furious accusations that he is trying to pack the Court with his nominees | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Neville Chamberlain follows Baldwin as prime minister at the head of the UK's National government | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The Golden Gate Bridge, linking San Francisco and Marin County, is the world's longest suspension bridge with a main span of 4200 feet (1280m) | |
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| 1937 |
| | | John Steinbeck publishes Of Mice and Men, a novel about two itinerant farm labourers in California | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Under Nazi influence the University of Bonn deprives Thomas Mann of his honorary doctorate, which is restored to him in 1946 | |
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| 1937 |
| | | German-born British scientist Hans Krebs discovers the biochemical cycle that becomes known by his name | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Lutheran pastor Martin Niemöller is arrested for defying the Nazis and spends the next eight years in concentration camps | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Amelia Earhart and her navigator vanish somewhere over the Pacific four weeks into their attempt to fly round the world | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Danish author Karen Blixen publishes her autobiographical novel Out of Africa | |
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| 1937 |
| | | The Japanese use an incident at the Marco Polo Bridge, near Beijing, as the pretext for an attack on China | |
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| 1937 |
| | | At the same time as the Moscow show trials, millions are purged from the Russian Communist party nation-wide | |
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| 1937 |
| | | A Nazi exhibition of 'degenerate art' opens in Munich, and visitors are invited to mock the avant-garde works on show | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Japanese troops occupy Beijing – at the start of eight years of continuous war between China and Japan | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Buchenwald, near Weimar, is set up as a concentration camp providing forced labour for local arms manufacturers | |
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| 1937 |
| | | C.S. Forester's central character, Horatio Hornblower, features for the first time – in The Happy Return | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Alan Turing describes the properties of a logically possible computer that becomes known as the Turing Machine | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Rocket engineer Wernher von Braun is appointed director of Germany's weapon research centre at Peenemünde | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is the first animated feature film | |
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| 1937 |
| | | Pablo Picasso's massive painting Guernica is exhibited in the Spanish pavilion at the World Fair in Paris | |
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