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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1923 |
| | | Albert Roussel's opera-ballet Padmâvâti is premiered in Paris | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Robert Frost publishes a new collection of poems, New Hampshire | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The Italian novelist Italo Svevo has his first great success when The Confessions of Zeno is published in France | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The US poet e.e. cummings publishes his first collection, Tulips and Chimneys | |
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| 1923 |
| | | German inflation reaches fantasy levels, at 242 million marks to the dollar | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Arnold Schoenberg's Suite for piano is his first piece entirely in the 12-note serial method | |
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| 1923 |
| | | US poet Edna St Vincent Millay publishes The Harp-Weaver and Other Poems | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Sean O'Casey's first play The Shadow of a Gunman is performed at the Abbey Theatre in Dublin | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Maxim Gorky publishes My Universities, completing his autobiographical trilogy | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Germany's communists organise uprisings in Saxony, Thuringia and Hamburg | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) officially comes into being, with a newly written constitution | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The Treaty of Lausanne, with more favourable terms than those negotiated at Sèvres, finally brings peace between Turkey and the Allies | |
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| 1923 |
| | | In I and Thou the Austrian theologian Martin Buber interprets religion in terms of the subjective experience of interpersonal relationships | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Warren Harding dies little more than half way through his term of office as US president | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Warren Harding is succeeded as US president by his vice-president, Calvin Coolidge | |
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| 1923 |
| | | The gentleman detective Lord Peter Wimsey makes his first appearance in Dorothy Sayers' Whose Body? | |
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| 1923 |
| | | US dramatist Elmer Rice establishes his reputation with The Adding Machine, an expressionistic drama about the machine age | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Le Corbusier publishes an influential collection of his articles under the title Towards a New Architecture | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Vegemite is launched in Melbourne as Australia's answer to Marmite | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Bernard Shaw's play Saint Joan has its world premiere in New York | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Margaret Bondfield is the first woman to be chairman of Britain's Trades Union Congress | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Zoltan Kod´ly's work for tenor, chorus and orchestra, Psalmus Hungaricus, has its first performance in Budapest | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Sigmund Freud proposes a new interpretation of the mind in his book The Ego and the Id | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Turkey becomes a republic with Atatürk as president and Ankara as its new capital | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Adolf Hitler, launching a putsch in a Munich beer cellar, announces the birth of a new national government | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Adolf Hitler's beer-cellar putsch ends in ignominious failure, as he turns and flees under fire | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Hermann Goering is wounded in the aftermath of the Munich beer hall putsch, but unlike Hitler manages to escape | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Arthur Honegger's Pacific 231, inspired by the sounds of a steam train, has its first performance in Paris | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Rainer Maria Rilke publishes his Duino Elegies and his Sonnets to Orpheus | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Adolf Hitler dictates Mein Kampf to Rudolf Hess in their shared prison cell after the failed Munich putsch | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Rudolf Hess suggests to Hitler the policy of Lebensraum or 'living space' for the German people | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Paul Hindemith sets Rainer Maria Rilke's song-cycle Das Marienleben | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Winston Churchill, accepting the position of chancellor of the exchequer in Baldwin's cabinet, returns to the Conservative party | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Lenin's death is followed by an intense power struggle in the Kremlin between Stalin, Trotsky, Kamenev and Zinoviev | |
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| 1924 |
| | | A general election brings in Britain's first Labour prime minister, Ramsay MacDonald, at the head of a minority government | |
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| 1924 |
| | | George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue has its first performance, at the Aeolian Hall in New York | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Clarence Birdseye, having eaten frozen fish in the Arctic, launches Birdseye Seafoods in New York | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Britain's most prestigious steeplechase, the Cheltenham Gold Cup, is run for the first time | |
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| 1924 |
| | | James Hertzog's National Party, committed to protecting white privilege, comes to power in South Africa | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Sean O'Casey's second play Juno and the Paycock is performed at the Abbey Theatre in Dublin | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti is murdered by Mussolini's Fascists | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Swimmer Johnny Weissmuller wins three Olympic gold medals in the Paris games, together with a bronze in water polo | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Max Brod disregards Franz Kafka's dying instruction to destroy all his manuscripts | |
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| 1924 |
| | | US astronomer Edwin Hubble proves that the nebula Andromeda is vastly further away than other stars and can only be a separate galaxy | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The British rugby team touring South Africa are for the first time called the Lions | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The Marx Brothers (at this stage Groucho, Harpo, Chico and Gummo) make their Broadway debut with the show I'll Say She Is | |
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| 1924 |
| | | US poet Robinson Jeffers publishes his first successful collection, Tamar and Other Poems | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Gracie Fields makes her name when she appears in London as Sally Perkins in the musical Mr Tower of London | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The League of Nations grants Belgium a mandate to administer the former Germany colony of Ruanda-Urundi | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Le Train Bleu brings together Bronislava Nijinska (choreography), Darius Milhaud (music), and Coco Chanel (costumes) | |
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| 1924 |
| | | German author Thomas Mann publishes his novel The Magic Mountain | |
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| 1924 |
| | | German scientist Felix Wankel builds a model of a rotary engine, thirty years before the first prototype is manufactured | |
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| 1924 |
| | | André Breton launches a new movement with his Manifesto of surrealism - Soluble fish | |
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| 1924 |
| | | A new German currency, the Reichsmark, is launched with the value of a trillion old marks | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Ottorino Respighi's symphonic poem Pines of Rome has its first performance in Rome | |
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| 1924 |
| | | The British government takes on the administration of Northern Rhodesia from the British South Africa Company | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Erich von Stroheim completes Greed, his epic silent film of ferociously competitive acquisition in turn-of-the-century San Francisco | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Four Scottish Colourists (Cadell, Fergusson, Hunter, Peploe) exhibit together in Paris | |
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| 1924 |
| | | 20-year-old Chilean poet Pablo Neruda publishes one of his best-known collections, Twenty Love Poems | |
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| 1924 |
| | | 7-year-old Yehudi Menuhin gives his first professional recital, playing the Mendelssohn Violin Concerto in San Francisco | |
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| 1924 |
| | | A massive Conservative victory in the UK general election follows publication of the forged Zinoviev letter, and Baldwin returns as prime minister | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Leos Janacek's opera The Cunning Little Vixen, based on verses by Rudolf Tesnohlídek, is premiered in Brno | |
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| 1924 |
| | | US poet E.A. Robinson publishes a narrative poem, The Man Who Died Twice, about the dissipation of artistic talent | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Calvin Coolidge is elected US president in his own right, winning by a wide margin over Democrat John W. Davis | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Giacomo Puccini dies without finishing his opera Turandot, which is subsequently completed by Franco Alfani | |
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| 1924 |
| | | E.M. Forster's novel A Passage to India builds on cultural misconceptions between the British and Indian communities | |
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| 1924 |
| | | Christopher Robin features for the first time in A.A. Milne's When We Were Very Young | |
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