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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1916 |
| | | Hubert Parry sets profoundly evocative verses by William Blake and gives his composition the title Jerusalem | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Maxim Gorky publishes My Apprenticeship, the second volume of his autobiography | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Tristan Tzara and other artists in Zurich call their new movement Dada (the French for 'hobby-horse', selected at random from a dictionary) | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Gustav Holst completes his orchestral suite c, not performed in its entirety until 1920 | |
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| 1916 |
| | | In his ground-breaking film Intolerance D.W. Griffith intercuts four parallel stories from different historical periods | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Robert Graves publishes his first book of poems, Over the Brazier | |
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| 1916 |
| | | The musical Chu Chin Chow opens at His Majesty's Theatre in London and runs for a record 2235 performances | |
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| 1916 |
| | | The Imagist poet H.D. (Hilda Doolittle) publishes her first collection, Sea Garden | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Claude Monet begins the great cyclorama of water-lilies, Nympheas, that he donates to the French nation | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Margaret Sanger opens the first US birth control clinic, in a poor district of Brooklyn, and is gaoled for thirty days | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Manchester dramatist Harold Brighouse has a major success when his play Hobson's Choice is performed in London | |
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| 1916 |
| | | After an 800-mile journey in an open boat Ernest Shackleton returns to rescue his stranded colleagues in the South Shetlands | |
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| 1916 |
| | | The Federal-Aid Highway Act sets up the first national road system in the US | |
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| 1916 |
| | | The author H.H. Munro ('Saki') is killed by a sniper's bullet on a battlefield in France | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Dogs are trained in Germany, by Dr Gerhard Stalling, to guide soldiers blinded in the war | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Lloyd George splits his own Liberal party when he forms a coalition government with the Conservatives | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Captain Peter Nissen, a Canadian mining engineer, designs the Nissen Hut for the Allied armies | |
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| 1916 |
| | | British and French forces win full control of the German colonies of Togoland and Cameroon | |
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| 1916 February 21 |
| | | A German thrust against the French begins the year-long battle of Verdun | |
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| 1916 |
| | | Feb 26 - a French troopship La Provence is torpedoed by a U-boat off Cape Matapan and sinks with the loss of nearly 1000 lives | |
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| 1916 March 2 |
| | | Conscription is introduced in Britain for men aged between 18 and 40 | |
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| 1916 March 24 |
| | | A German U-boat sinks the Channel steamer Sussex, with the loss of many civilian lives | |
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| 1916 April 29 |
| | | The British garrison at Kut, on the Tigris, surrenders to the Turks after a five-month siege | |
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| 1916 May 31 |
| | | The German and British fleets clash off Jutland, in a hard-fought but inconclusive encounter | |
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| 1916 June 4 |
| | | Aleksei Brusilov leads a surprise Russian offensive against Germany and Austria-Hungary | |
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| 1916 June 5 |
| | | Sharif Hussein, the emir of Mecca, proclaims himself the leader of the Muslim world, thus launching an Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1916 June 17 |
| | | Belgian troops from the Congo occupy the German colony of Ruanda-Urundi | |
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| 1916 June 24 |
| | | An Allied advance in the valley of the Somme launches a four-month battle with very heavy casualties | |
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| 1916 June 27 |
| | | Greece joins the Allies by declaring war on Bulgaria | |
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| 1916 August 20 |
| | | A brief success in the front line against Austria prompts Italy to declare war on Germany | |
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| 1916 August 27 |
| | | Romania, hoping for territorial gains from Hungary, joins the war on the side of the Allies | |
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| 1916 September 15 |
| | | Eleven British tanks go into pioneering but ineffective action at the battle of the Somme | |
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| 1916 September 17 |
| | | Baron von Richthofen, the 'Red Baron', shoots down the first of many Allied aircraft | |
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| 1916 November 7 |
| | | Woodrow Wilson wins re-election as US president after campaigning on the slogan 'He kept us out of war' | |
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| 1916 November 21 |
| | | The emperor Francis Joseph dies after 66 years on the thrones of Austria and Hungary, to be succeeded by his great-nephew Charles I | |
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| 1916 December 6 |
| | | Bucharest, the capital of Romania, is captured by Austrian and Bulgarian forces | |
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| 1916 December 6 |
| | | Herbert Asquith resigns in the face of a political coup against him, and is replaced as UK prime minister by Lloyd George | |
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| 1916 December 16 |
| | | Philippe Pétain becomes a French national hero for his successful defence of Verdun | |
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| 1917 |
| | | Marcel Duchamp submits a ceramic urinal to the Society of Independent Artists in New York, giving it the title Fountain | |
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| 1917 |
| | | The French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is the first to use the term Surrealism | |
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