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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1909 |
| | | US entrepreneur Gordon Selfridge opens the first British custom-built department store on London's Oxford Street | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Sea captain Joseph-Elzéar Bernier unveils a plaque in the Arctic Archipelago, declaring that all the islands belong to Canada | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Mahatma Gandhi, on a visit to India, publishes a pamphlet entitled Hind Swaraj ("Indian Home Rule") | |
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| 1909 |
| | | President Taft builds the first Oval Office, in the new west wing of the White House | |
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| 1909 |
| | | US physicist Robert A. Millikan devises an oil drop experiment that determines the charge of an electron | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Louis Blériot is the first to fly across the English Channel, winning the £1000 prize offered by the Daily Mail | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Mineral discoveries on the border of Northern Rhodesia and the Belgian Congo give the first hint of the riches of the Copper Belt | |
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| 1909 |
| | | The Selig Polyscope Company sets up the first film studio in the Los Angeles region, at Edendale | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Sergei Rachmaninov premieres his Third Piano Concerto during his tour of the USA as a pianist | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Karl Landsteiner classifies the main human blood groups as A, B, AB and O | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Thomas Beecham uses his personal fortune from Beecham's Pills to found his first orchestra, the Beecham Symphony Orchestra | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Set-designer Leon Bakst begins a long association with Diaghilev's Ballets Russes | |
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| 1909 |
| | | President Taft sends marines to Nicaragua after the government there executes two US citizens | |
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| 1909 |
| | | In response to fears of German espionage a Secret Service Bureau, later to be divided into MI5 and MI6, is set up in Britain | |
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| 1909 |
| | | The Conservative majority in the House of Lords rejects Lloyd George's reforming budget, giving the Liberals the chance to call an election on an emotive issue | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Rimsky-Korsakov's opera The Golden Cockerel has its premiere in Moscow | |
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| 1909 |
| | | Joshua Slocum, the most famous sailor of the day, vanishes on another lone voyage | |
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| 1910 |
| | | D.W. Griffith directs In Old California, the first film shot in the California village of Hollywood | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Lee De Forest broadcasts Enrico Caruso live from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York, but with mixed success owing to the poor quality | |
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| 1910 |
| | | British prime minister Herbert Asquith leads the Liberal party to a narrow victory, in an election fought on the issue of the House of Lords | |
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| 1910 |
| | | The wife of Harvey Crippen, an American doctor working in north London, vanishes mysteriously | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Agnes Baden-Powell establishes the Girl Guides, an organization for girls equivalent to the Scouts | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Edward Carson, previously a prominent Conservative politician at Westminster, becomes leader of the Ulster Unionist party | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Vaughan Williams' Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis is first performed in Gloucester | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Chicago cardiologist James Herrick publishes the first account of the cells causing sickle-cell anaemia | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Maurice Chevalier and Mistinguett perform together at the Folies-Bergère | |
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| 1910 |
| | | US geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan establishes the chromosome theory of heredity through his study of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster | |
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| 1910 |
| | | The Liver Building, surmounted by two legendary Liver Birds, is completed in Liverpool | |
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| 1910 |
| | | UK prime minister Herbert Asquith plans to reduce the power of the House of Lords, but the upper house as yet is certain to block any such bill | |
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| 1910 |
| | | In his poem Cargoes John Masefield compares a 'dirty British coaster' with two romantic boats from the past | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Fritz Kreisler is the soloist in the first performance of Edward Elgar's Violin Concerto | |
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| 1910 |
| | | Alban Berg and Anton Webern follow Schoenberg in developing atonal music | |
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