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| | | World History timeline |
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| 1899 |
| | Within a single 'Black Week' the British forces in South Africa suffer three defeats, at Stromberg, Magersfontein and Colenso | |
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| 1899 |
| | US Secretary of State John Hay circulates a proposal that western powers should adopt an open-to-all trading policy in China | |
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| 1899 |
| | At a retrial of Alfred Dreyfus a new court martial confirms his conviction for treason | |
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| 1899 |
| | Ten days after the court martial's verdict, Alfred Dreyfus is given a pardon by the president of France | |
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| 1899 |
| | Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg composes the string sextet Verklärte Nacht | |
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| 1899 |
| | Ranjitsinhji becomes the first cricketer to score 3000 runs in a single season | |
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| 1899 |
| | E. Nesbit publishes The Story of the Treasure Seekers, introducing the Bastable family who feature in several of her books for children | |
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| 1900 |
| | Giacomo Puccini's Tosca brings in the new century with a January premiere in Rome | |
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| 1900 |
| | The faction founded in Bohemia by Tomas Masaryk becomes known as the Progressive party | |
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| 1900 |
| | Isadora Duncan dances professionally for the first time in Europe in London's Lyceum Theatre | |
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| 1900 |
| | Paul Kruger flees after the British take Pretoria and annexe both the Boer republics | |
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| 1900 |
| | Puerto Ricans are granted limited democracy in a bill of rigfhts introduced after two years of US military occupation | |
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| 1900 |
| | Frank Baum introduces children to Oz, in his book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz | |
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| 1900 |
| | Scottish music-hall artist Harry Lauder makes his first London appearance at Gatti's music hall in Westminster | |
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| 1900 |
| | David Belasco's play Madame Butterfly has its premiere in New York, and is subsequently seen in London by Giacomo Puccini | |
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| 1900 |
| | The Conservatives win an increased majority during the Boer War, in what becomes known as the 'khaki election' | |
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| 1900 |
| | Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his wife exhibit together at the Sezession show in Vienna | |
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| 1900 |
| | Enrique Granados completes the ten piano pieces forming his Danzas españolas | |
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| 1900 |
| | Keir Hardie is returned to parliament for Merthyr Tydfil, beginning a long and close link between the Labour party and Wales. | |
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| 1900 |
| | The relief of Mafeking ends a long siege which brings fame to the British commander of the garrison, Robert Baden-Powell | |
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| c. 1900 |
| | Rubber brings prosperity to Manaus, thousands of miles up the Amazon | |
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| 1900 |
| | After a prodigiously productive career as novelist and journalist, Stephen Crane dies of tuberculosis at the age of 28 | |
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| 1900 |
| | Hostility to foreign intrusion erupts in China with the Boxer Rising | |
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| 1900 |
| | Harvey Firestone sets up the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio | |
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| 1900 |
| | Joshua Slocum publishes Sailing Alone Around the World, an account of his famous 1895-8 circumnavigation | |
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| 1900 |
| | The Bayer company in Germany sells aspirin in the form of water-soluble tablets, the first medication of its kind | |
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| 1900 |
| | Ferdinand Zeppelin's first dirigible makes its test flight from a floating hangar on the Lake of Constance | |
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| 1900 |
| | Charles Stewart Rolls wins the Automobile Club's Thousand Mile Trial in a 12 horse-power Panhard | |
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| 1900 |
| | Jack London's first collection of stories, The Son of the Wolf, brings him a wide readership | |
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| 1900 |
| | The British government assumes direct responsibility for the entire region of Nigeria, previously entrusted to a commercial company | |
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| 1900 |
| | Jean Sibelius's Finlandia stirs national instincts in Helsinki | |
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