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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1869 |
| | | The most famous of the three-masted tea-clippers, the Cutty Sark is launched at Dumbarton for service to and from China | |
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| 1869 |
| | | Young French artists Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir paint together in the open air at La Grenouillère, developing the Impressionist style | |
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| 1869 |
| | | French part-time painter Henri Rousseau becomes known as Douanier ('customs officer') Rousseau because of his paid employment | |
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| 1870 |
| | | John D. Rockefeller and his partners establish the Standard Oil Company of Ohio | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Coppélia, with choreography by Arthur Saint-Léon to music by Delibes, has its premiere at the Paris Opera | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Otto von Bismarck adjusts the Prussian king's telegram from Ems in a way calculated to provoke the French | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Pope Pius IX, rapidly losing temporal authority, declares a new dogma – that the pope, when speaking from the throne, is infallible on matters of faith or morals | |
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| 1870 |
| | | The Turkish sultan finally allows the Christians of Bulgaria to have their own Orthodox patriarch | |
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| 1870 |
| | | With public opinion in France outraged by the Ems telegram, the French government declares war on Prussia | |
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| 1870 |
| | | 16-year-old Arthur Rimbaud sends some of his poems to Paul Verlaine, already an established poet | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Adelaide and Darwin are linked across the entire Australian continent by the Overland Telegraph Line | |
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| 1870 |
| | | The Red River rebellion in Winnipeg (1869) prompts the creation of Manitoba as a province of Canada | |
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| 1870 |
| | | French artist Claude Monet, fleeing from the Franco-Prussian War, arrives in London | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Isaac Butt, an Irish MP at Westminster, founds the Home Rule association | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Napoleon III is among 83,000 French prisoners captured by the Germans at Sedan in the Franco-Prussian war | |
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| 1870 |
| | | A French government of national defence deposes Napoleon III and proclaims the third French republic | |
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| 1870 |
| | | The all-round English cricketer W.G. Grace begins a 28-year career as captain of Gloucestershire | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Bret Harte's comic ballad Plain Language from Truthful James acquires a popular alternative title, The Heathen Chinee | |
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| 1870 |
| | | Richard Wagner marries Cosima, the daughter of the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt | |
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| 1870 |
| | | As the result of a plebiscite, Rome and the remaining papal states are included in the kingdom of Italy | |
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| 1871 |
| | | US anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan inaugurates kinship studies with his massive Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family | |
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| 1871 |
| | | Civil War veterans in the USA establish the National Rifle Association to promote marksmanship | |
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| 1871 |
| | | The Prussian king, William I, is proclaimed emperor of a united Germany in the palace at Versailles | |
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| 1871 |
| | | Troops of the new German empire march through Paris in a victory parade at the end of the Franco-Prussian war | |
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| 1871 |
| | | The Afghan philosopher Jamal al-Din, moving to Cairo, urges drastic and violent measures against western influence | |
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| 1871 |
| | | An uprising results in the Paris Commune, followed by the siege of the city by French government forces | |
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| 1871 |
| | | Rome becomes the capital city of the entire Italian peninsula, for the first time since the Roman empire | |
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| 1871 |
| | | 18-year-old English entrepreneur Cecil Rhodes, on a temporary visit to South Africa, arrives in the new diamond town of Kimberley | |
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| 1871 |
| | | The Paris communards are overwhelmed in a battle at the Père Lachaise cemetery, which is followed by brutal reprisals | |
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| 1871 |
| | | US president Ulysses S. Grant uses the new Civil Rights Act to suppress the violent Ku Klux Klan in southern states | |
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| 1871 |
| | | Whistler paints his mother and calls the picture Arrangement in Grey and Black | |
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| 1871 |
| | | English actor Henry Irving plays what becomes one of his most famous parts, that of Mathias in the melodrama The Bells | |
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| 1871 |
| | | A fire in Chicago destroys a third of the city, to be followed by an extremely rapid and successful period of reconstruction | |
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| 1871 |
| | | British Columbia agrees to join the Canadian confederation on the promise of a transcontinental railway | |
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| 1871 |
| | | French author Émile Zola publishes The Fortune of the Rougons, the first in a 20-novel series that he calls Les Rougon-Macquart | |
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