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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1848 |
| | | Oh! Susannah is in the first published collection of popular songs by Stephen Collins Foster | |
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| 1848 |
| | | English art students Rossetti, Holman Hunt and Millais form the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood | |
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| 1848 |
| | | A utopian community dedicated to the sharing of both property and sexual favours is established by John Humphrey Noyes near Oneida, New York | |
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| 1848 |
| | | The prime minister of the papal states, Pellegrino Rossi, is assassinated in Rome | |
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| 1848 |
| | | The second Anglo-Sikh war begins when a British army invades the Punjab to suppress a local uprising | |
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| 1848 |
| | | An uprising in Rome causes Pope Pius IX to flee for safety to a coastal fortress at Gaeta | |
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| 1848 |
| | | In a three-cornered US presidential election Whig candidate Zachary Taylor defeats Democrat Lewis Cass and the Free-Soil party's Martin van Buren | |
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| 1848 |
| | | 18-year-old Francis Joseph becomes emperor of Austria when his uncle, Ferdinand I, abdicates at the end of a year of unrest | |
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| 1848 |
| | | Branwell, Emily and Anne Brontë die within a period of eight months | |
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| c. 1849 |
| | | Prince Albert is the driving force behind the plans for a Great Exhibition in London | |
|  | Letter from Prince Albert in 1849, proposing the Great Exhibition
National Archives, Kew
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| 1849 |
| | | A new Roman republic is proclaimed, with veteran agitator Giuseppe Mazzini in the leading role | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Charles Dickens begins the publication in monthly numbers of David Copperfield, his own favourite among his novels | |
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| 1849 |
| | | A British victory at the Battle of Gujarat effectively ends the second Anglo-Sikh war, and is followed by annexation of the Punjab | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Giuseppe Garibaldi arrives from exile in South America to defend the new Roman republic against a French army | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Delegates of the German states offer the imperial crown of a united Germany to Frederick William IV, the king of Prussia, who rejects it | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Francis Parkman's The Oregon Trail, already serialized in 1847, is published in book form | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Nationalist leader Lajos Kossuth announces the independence of Hungary and the deposition of the Habsburg dynasty | |
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| 1849 |
| | | An anti-British mob attacks the New York theatre where William Macready is appearing as Macbeth, leaving 22 dead and many injured | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Scottish painter David Roberts completes publication of his 6-volume The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt & Nubia | |
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| 1849 |
| | | The gold rush to California gathers pace during 1849, causing the prospectors to become known as 'forty-niners' | |
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| 1849 |
| | | In Vienna the younger Johann Strauss succeeds his father as the Waltz King | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Pope Pius IX returns to Rome under the protection of French troops, with his enthusiasm for any form of change much reduced. | |
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| 1849 |
| | | The Habsburgs recover power in both Austria and Hungary | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Expelled from Germany after the year of revolutions, Marx makes his home in tolerant London | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Vancouver Island is given the status of a British crown colony, to be followed by British Columbia in 1858 | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Dante Gabriel Rossetti depicts his sister Christina in The Girlhood of Mary Virgin | |
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| 1849 |
| | | Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky undergoes a mock execution, after being sentenced to death for revolutionary activities against tsar Nicholas I | |
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| 1850 |
| | | Fyodor Dostoevsky begins four years of hard labour in Siberia for revolutionary activities | |
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| 1850 |
| | | Queen Victoria knights her favourite painter of animals, Edwin Landseer | |
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| c. 1850 |
| | | The Scottish missionary David Livingstone is profoundly shocked by what he sees of the slave trade at the heart of Africa | |
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| 1850 |
| | | The British government buys the Danish fortresses on the Gold Coast, including Christiansborg castle in Accra | |
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| 1850 |
| | | British foreign secretary Lord Palmerston sends a naval squadron to seize Greek ships in the Don Pacifico case | |
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| 1850 |
| | | The brothers James and John Harper launch in New York Harper's Monthly Magazine, still published today | |
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| 1850 |
| | | As many as 50,000 US pioneers travel west this year on the Oregon Trail | |
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