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| 1960 |
| | | Madagascar becomes independent (under the name Malagasy republic from till 1975), with Philibert Tsiranana as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The Quiet Revolution in Quebec begins with the election of Jean Lesage and the Liberals | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Flower, Fist and Bestial Wail is the first of many collections of poems by US poet Charles Bukowski | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The birth control pill wins FDA approval in the US and goes on sale | |
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| 1960 |
| | | English poet John Betjeman publishes his long autobiographical poem Summoned by Bells | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Irish author Edna O'Brien publishes her first novel, The Country Girls | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Jean-Luc Godard directs his first feature film, A Bout de Souffle ('Breathless'), a classic of French New Wave cinema | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Patrice Lumumba becomes prime minister of the newly independent Democratic Republic of the Congo, previously the Belgian Congo | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The South West Africa People's Organization is founded to fight against South African control of Namibia | |
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| 1960 |
| | | British and Italian colonies merge as the independent Somali republic, also known as Somalia, with Aden Abdullah Osman as president | |
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