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| c. 1735 |
| | | Swedish chemist Georg Brandt discovers a new metallic element, which he names cobalt | |
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| 1742 |
| | | Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius proposes 100 degrees between the freezing and boiling points of water | |
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| 1751 |
| | | The Swedish chemist Alex Cronstedt identifies an impurity in copper ore as a separate metallic element, which he names nickel | |
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| 1772 |
| | | Gustavus III achieves a coup d'état which brings executive power in Sweden back into royal hands | |
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| 1773 |
| | | Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele isolates oxygen but does not immediately publish his achievement | |
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| 1792 |
| | | The Swedish king Gustavus III is assassinated at a midnight masquerade in Stockholm – an event later dramatized by Verdi | |
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| 1808 |
| | | Russia, after winning much of Finland from Sweden during the previous century, invades again in 1808 | |
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| 1809 |
| | | In the Treaty of Hamina (or Fredrikshamn), Sweden cedes Finland to Russia as an autonomous grand duchy | |
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| 1810 |
| | | A French marshal, Jean Bernadotte, is offered the position of crown prince and heir to the Swedish throne | |
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| 1814 |
| | | Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden, in the Treaty of Kiel, following Bernadotte's successful Danish campaign | |
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