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| 1782 |
| | | French paper manufacturer Joseph Montgolfier sends a hot-air balloon 3000 feet (1000m) into the air, in front of a crowd in Annonay | |
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| 1783 |
| | | Ten days after the first human ascent in a hot-air balloon the feat is repeated, again in Paris, in a version lifted by hydrogen | |
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| 1783 |
| | | Louis XVI watches through his telescope the first balloon flight with living passengers – a sheep, a cock and a duck | |
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| 1783 |
| | | A hot-air balloon rises from a Paris garden, carrying the first human aeronauts – Pilàtre de Rozier and the marquis d'Arlandes | |
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| 1784 |
| | | Benjamin Franklin, irritated at needing two pairs of spectacles, commissions from a lens-grinder the first bifocals | |
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| 1784 |
| | | English ironmaster Henry Cort patents a process for puddling iron which produces a pure and malleable metal | |
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| 1784 |
| | | The first mail coach leaves Bristol for London, introducing a new era of faster transport | |
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| 1787 |
| | | Scottish engineer James Watt devises the governor, the first example of industrial automation | |
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| 1791 |
| | | French inventor Claude Chappe develops a hilltop signalling system, for which he coins the words telegraph and semaphore | |
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| 1793 |
| | | Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin, enormously speeding up the process of separating cotton fibres from the seeds | |
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