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| 1788 |
| | | After a journey of eight months from England the First Fleet reaches Australia, anchoring in Botany Bay | |
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| 1788 |
| | | Arthur Phillip, selecting a suitable coastal site for the first penal colony in Australia, names the place Sydney Cove | |
|  | Map of Australia showing the distribution of convicts, c.1820
National Archives, Kew
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| 1788 |
| | | The constitution of the United States is ratified by the states, but it is immediately agreed that amendments will be desirable | |
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| 1788 |
| | | Tiradentes (the 'puller of teeth') leads the first rebellion against Portuguese rule in Brazil | |
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| 1788 |
| | | The ministers of Louis XVI reluctantly announce that the estates general will meet in 1789, for the first time since 1614 | |
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| 1788 |
| | | Spain's affairs are controlled by Manuel de Godoy, lover of the queen, Maria Luisa | |
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| 1789 |
| | | England's champion pugilist, the Jewish prize-fighter Daniel Mendoza, publishes The Art of Boxing | |
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| 1789 |
| | | George Washington, unanimously elected first president of the United States, is inaugurated on Wall Street in New York | |
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| 1789 |
| | | Alexander Hamilton becomes secretary of the treasury in the administration of George Washington, whose federalist views he shares | |
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| 1789 |
| | | A pamphlet published in France by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès asks a challenging question, What is the Third Estate? | |
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