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| 11279 |
| | | Beijing (known to the Mongols as Khanbaliq, 'city of the khan', and to the Chinese as Dadu, 'great capital') becomes for the first time the capital of China | |
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| c. 1279 |
| | | The Tibetan link with the Mongols brings Tibet within the Chinese empire of Kublai Khan | |
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| 1281 |
| | | For the second time Japan is saved from Mongol invasion by powerful storms - which are given the name kamikaze, or 'divine wind' | |
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| 1294 |
| | | Kublai Khan dies and is succeeded, as second emperor of the Yuan dynasty, by his grandson Temür | |
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| 1346 |
| | | The plague which later becomes known as the Black Death makes its first appearance in China | |
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| c. 1350 |
| | | The classic Chinese underglaze blue is perfected in the imperial ceramic factory at Jingdezhen | |
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| 1356 |
| | | Chu Yüan-chang, leader of a peasant band, makes his headquarters in a town which he renames Nanking - 'southern capital' | |
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| 1356 |
| | | Zhu Yuanzhang, a one-time Buddhist novice now leading a major rebellion against the Yuan dynasty, captures Nanjing and makes it his capital | |
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| 1368 |
| | | Chu Yüan-chang drives the Mongols out of Beijing and declares a new dynasty - the Ming (meaning 'brilliant') | |
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| 1368 |
| | | On the fall of the Yuan dynasty, replaced by the Ming, Tibet declares its independence from China | |
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