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| 356 BC |
| | Alexander the Great is born in Pella, the capital of his father Philip II, at the heart of the expanding Macedonian kingdom | |
| | Pella, mosaic Fotofile CG
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| c. 350 BC |
| | Artemisia, widow of Mausolus, builds him a tomb at Halicarnassus so spectacular that his name provides a new word - mausoleum | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | Eudoxus of Cnidus proposes the concept of transparent spheres supporting the bodies visible in the heavens | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | Daoism, attributed to the mythical sage Lao Tzu, becomes a popular alternative to the solemnity of Confucianism | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | Private financiers in Athens give loans, take deposits, change money from one currency to another and arrange credit for travellers | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | Tea, now well established as a drink, features in a Chinese dictionary | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | The earliest description of a pulley appears in a Greek text | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | The brutal philosophy of Legalism contributes to the decline of the Zhou dynasty | |
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| c. 350 BC |
| | The Mahabharata, India's great national epic, begins to take shape | |
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| 348 BC |
| | The citizens of Olynthus abandon their houses, with elaborate mosaic floors, when their city is attacked by Philip of Macedon | |
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