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| 1909 |
| | | Mineral discoveries on the border of Northern Rhodesia and the Belgian Congo give the first hint of the riches of the Copper Belt | |
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| 1923 |
| | | Rhodesia becomes a self-governing colony with political power exclusively in the hands of European settlers | |
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| 1953 |
| | | The two Rhodesias and Nyasaland are merged in the self-governing Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Joshua Nkomo founds ZAPU, the Zimbabwe African People's Union, in the British colony of Southern Rhodesia | |
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| 1962 |
| | | Ian Smith's white supremacist party, the Rhodesian Front, wins power in Rhodesia's election | |
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| 1963 |
| | | Robert Mugabe and Ndabaningi Sithole split from ZAPU to found ZANU, the Zimbabwe African National Union | |
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| 1963 |
| | | The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved, as the three colonies go their separate ways | |
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| 1964 |
| | | Ian Smith, now prime minister of Rhodesia, arrests leading black politicians Joshua Nkomo and Robert Mugabe | |
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| 1965 |
| | | Ian Smith makes a unilateral declaration of Rhodesia's independence | |
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| 1968 |
| | | The United Nations, with the approval of Britain as the colonial power, imposes economic sanctions on Rhodesia | |
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