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| 1099 |
| | | Crusaders capture the holy city of Jerusalem and massacre the Muslim and Jewish inhabitants | |
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| 1113 |
| | | The Knights of St John of Jerusalem become an established order under papal protection | |
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| 1115 |
| | | St Bernard establishes a new monastery at Clairvaux, from which he presides over the rapid expansion of the Cistercian order | |
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| 1120 |
| | | The Knights Templar are founded, to protect pilgrims from the Muslims on the journey to Jerusalem | |
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| 1144 |
| | | The fall of Edessa prompts the pope, Eugenius III, to call for a second crusade to defend the Latin kingdom | |
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| c. 1145 |
| | | A new form of pious devotion is seen in Chartres, with people painfully dragging wagons of stone to enlarge the cathedral | |
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| 1145 |
| | | A bishop in the crusader territories of the Middle East has news of a fabulously wealthy Christian king, Prester John | |
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| 1147 |
| | | Gilbert of Hastings, an English priest, becomes bishop of the recovered see of Lisbon - the first of many such links between England and Portugal | |
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| 1147 |
| | | The second crusade is led east by two kings, Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany | |
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| 1148 |
| | | By the time Louis VII and Conrad III reach the Holy Land they have lost more than half their joint armies to Muslim attacks | |
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