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| 874 |
| | | Vikings arrive in Iceland and form a settlement on the site of modern Rejkjavik | |
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| 930 |
| | | An althing of chieftains establishes the commonwealth of Iceland, which will survive for more than three centuries | |
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| c. 950 |
| | | The material of the Eddas, taking shape in Iceland, derives from earlier sources in Norway, Britain and Burgundy | |
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| c. 960 |
| | | Harald Bluetooth is baptized a Christian and unites the whole of Denmark as a single kingdom. | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | | Iceland's parliament, the althing, passes a resolution that everyone on the island is to be baptized | |
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| c. 1240 |
| | | Haakon IV is the first ruler to build up a strong Norway, some two centuries after the region becomes a single kingdom | |
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| 1248 |
| | | Birger Jarl establishes a dynasty which brings all Sweden under a single rule | |
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| 1262 |
| | | The Norwegian king, Haakon IV, annexes Iceland as his personal fief, bringing to an end the commonwealth established in AD 930 | |
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| 1323 |
| | | A treaty divides Finland between two powerfully competitive neighbours, Sweden and Novgorod | |
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| 1389 |
| | | With a victory near Falköping, Margaret becomes regent of Sweden as well as Denmark and Norway | |
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