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| 481 BC |
| | | The Greek city-states meet in Corinth to devise a joint strategy against the Persians | |
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| 480 BC |
| | | 300 Spartans, led by Leonidas, die attempting to hold the pass of Thermopylae against the advancing Persian army | |
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| 480 BC |
| | | Athens, abandoned to the advancing Persians, is looted and destroyed | |
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| 480 BC |
| | | The Athenian fleet defeats a considerably larger Persian force in the narrow strait between Salamis and the mainland | |
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| 479 BC |
| | | A Spartan army, led by Pausanias, wins a victory at Plataea, completing the rout of the Persians on the Greek mainland | |
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| 479 BC |
| | | An Athenian force destroys at Mykale the remainder of the Persian fleet, ending the threat from them at sea | |
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| 478 BC |
| | | In the last joint campaign by Sparta and Athens the strategically important city of Byzantium is liberated from Persian rule | |
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| 478 BC |
| | | Representatives of Athens and other Aegean city-states meet in Delos to form a coalition, later known as the Delian League | |
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| 478 BC |
| | | The Delian League is formed for mutual defence, but also to liberate the Greek cities of Ionia from Persian rule | |
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| c. 466 BC |
| | | The Athenian general Cimon wins a spectacular victory over the Persians at the mouth of the Eurymedon River, in southwest Turkey | |
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