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1959
 
     
Liu Shaoqi replaces Mao Zedong as China's president after the Great Leap Forward fiasco, but Mao remains Chairman        
1959
 
    
Mary Leakey finds in the Olduvai Gorge the first specimen of a new hominid species, now known as Australopithecus Boisei       
1959
 
    
Vice-president Richard Nixon engages in a 'kitchen debate' with Soviet leader Nikita Khruschev at a US exhibition in Moscow       
1959
 
    
The Mini is launched, designed by Alec Issigonis, and becomes the best-selling British car of all time       
1959
 
   
Lee Kuan Yew becomes the first prime minister of the newly independent state of Singapore      
1959
 
     
Billy Wilder directs Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon in Some Like it Hot        
1959
 
    
Saul Bellow publishes Henderson the Rain King, in which an American millionaire acquires a strange role in an African tribe       
1959
 
    
On the retirement of de Valera, Sean Lemass succeeds him as leader of Fianna F´il and prime minister of Ireland       
1959
 
Narrative history in HistoryWorld     
The Transkei becomes the first African homeland, or Bantustan, within South Africa       
1959
 
    
ETA (Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna) is formed in Spain as a guerrilla organization to win Basque independence