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More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)
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Potsdam
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Town southwest of Berlin where the Allied leaders held their final conference of *World War II (17 July–2 Aug. 1945). Roosevelt had died in April, so Truman took part as the US president. *Churchill began the conference but was replaced before the end by *Attlee, who had won the general election in Britain. Stalin again represented the USSR. Now that the final postwar positions of the western and Soviet armies were established, there was greater disquiet than at *Yalta about Russia's exclusion of her allies from the affairs of eastern Europe. From Potsdam an ultimatum went to Japan demanding immediate surrender, sent in the names of Truman, Churchill and Chiang Kai-shek, who had given his agreement by radio. The ultimatum was soon followed by the first atom bomb.
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