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More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)
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Cardinal Newman
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(John Henry Newman, 1801–90) Influential figure in 19C *Anglo-Catholicism and the leading Anglican convert to the Church of Rome. Ordained as an Anglican in 1825, he caused a furore with his tracts for the *Oxford movement, arguing that there was no essential incompatibility between Rome and the *Church of England. He converted in 1845 and was ordained a priest in Rome the following year, returning to Britain to found the Oratory in Birmingham.
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It was in response to attacks on his sincerity, most notably by the original '*muscular Christian', Charles *Kingsley, that Newman wrote his influential spiritual autobiography, Apologia pro Vita Sua (1864). He was made a cardinal in 1879. Several well-known hymns were extracted from his poetry, including Lead, kindly Light (1834) and Praise to the Holiest in the Height (verses from The *Dream of Gerontius); the tunes for both were written by J.B. *Dykes.
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