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More than 5000 entries on the history, culture and life of Britain (published in 1993 by Macmillan, now out of print)
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Antonine Wall
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Roman protective earthwork, now largely destroyed, which ran 60km/37m across the entire width of Scotland from the Clyde (at Old Kilpatrick) to the Forth (at Bridgeness). Its construction was ordered in about AD 142 by the emperor in Rome, *Antoninus Pius, thus pushing north the frontier of Roman Britain only 15 years after the building of *Hadrian's Wall. But the new line was one which the legions found hard to hold, and the Antonine Wall was abandoned before the end of the century. It was a turf rampart, on stone foundations, with a ditch in front and a military road running behind. There were forts every 3km/2m for the garrisons. The best preserved of these forts is Rough Castle, 8km/5m west of Falkirk.
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